Diabetes: Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) Poor Control (> 9%)

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Measure Information	2023 Performance Period	2024 Performance Period	2025 Performance Period
Title	Diabetes: Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) Poor Control (> 9%)	Diabetes: Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) Poor Control (> 9%)	Diabetes: Glycemic Status Assessment Greater Than 9%
CMS eCQM ID	CMS122v11	CMS122v12	CMS122v13
CBE ID*	Not Applicable	Not Applicable	Not Applicable
MIPS Quality ID	001	001	001
Measure Steward	National Committee for Quality Assurance	National Committee for Quality Assurance	National Committee for Quality Assurance
Description	Percentage of patients 18-75 years of age with diabetes who had hemoglobin A1c > 9.0% during the measurement period	Percentage of patients 18-75 years of age with diabetes who had hemoglobin A1c > 9.0% during the measurement period	Percentage of patients 18-75 years of age with diabetes who had a glycemic status assessment (hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c] or glucose management indicator [GMI]) > 9.0% during the measurement period
Measure Scoring	Proportion measure	Proportion measure	Proportion measure
Measure Type	Intermediate Clinical Outcome	Intermediate Clinical Outcome	Intermediate Clinical Outcome
Stratification	*See CMS122v11.html	None	None
Risk Adjustment	*See CMS122v11.html	None	None
Rationale	*See CMS122v11.html	Diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death in the United States (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2022a). In 2019, diabetes affected more than 37 million Americans (11.3% of the U.S. population) and killed more than 87,000 people (American Diabetes Association [ADA],... 2022a). Diabetes is a long-lasting disease marked by high blood glucose levels, resulting from the body's inability to produce or use insulin properly (CDC, 2022a). People with diabetes are at increased risk of serious health complications including vision loss, heart disease, stroke, kidney damage, amputation of feet or legs, and premature death (CDC, 2022b). In 2017, diabetes cost the U.S. an estimated $327 billion: $237 billion in direct medical costs and $90 billion in reduced productivity. This is a 34% increase from the estimated $245 billion spent on diabetes in 2012 (ADA, 2018). Controlling A1c blood levels helps reduce the risk of microvascular complications (eye, kidney and nerve diseases) (ADA, 2022b). Show more > Diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death in the United States (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2022a). In 2019, diabetes affected more than 37 million Americans (11.3% of the U.S. population) and killed more than 87,000 people (American Diabetes Association [ADA], 2022a). Diabetes is a long-lasting disease marked by high blood glucose levels, resulting from the body's inability to produce or use insulin properly (CDC, 2022a). People with diabetes are at increased risk of serious health complications including vision loss, heart disease, stroke, kidney damage, amputation of feet or legs, and premature death (CDC, 2022b). In 2017, diabetes cost the U.S. an estimated $327 billion: $237 billion in direct medical costs and $90 billion in reduced productivity. This is a 34% increase from the estimated $245 billion spent on diabetes in 2012 (ADA, 2018). Controlling A1c blood levels helps reduce the risk of microvascular complications (eye, kidney and nerve diseases) (ADA, 2022b). Show less	Diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death in the United States (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2022a). In 2019, diabetes affected more than 37 million Americans (11.3% of the U.S. population) and killed more than 87,000 people (American Diabetes Association [ADA],... 2022a). Diabetes is a long-lasting disease marked by high blood glucose levels, resulting from the body's inability to produce or use insulin properly (CDC, 2022a). People with diabetes are at increased risk of serious health complications including vision loss, heart disease, stroke, kidney damage, amputation of feet or legs, and premature death (CDC, 2022b). In 2017, diabetes cost the U.S. an estimated $327 billion: $237 billion in direct medical costs and $90 billion in reduced productivity. This is a 34% increase from the estimated $245 billion spent on diabetes in 2012 (ADA, 2018). Controlling A1c blood levels helps reduce the risk of microvascular complications (eye, kidney and nerve diseases) (ADA, 2022b). Show more > Diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death in the United States (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2022a). In 2019, diabetes affected more than 37 million Americans (11.3% of the U.S. population) and killed more than 87,000 people (American Diabetes Association [ADA], 2022a). Diabetes is a long-lasting disease marked by high blood glucose levels, resulting from the body's inability to produce or use insulin properly (CDC, 2022a). People with diabetes are at increased risk of serious health complications including vision loss, heart disease, stroke, kidney damage, amputation of feet or legs, and premature death (CDC, 2022b). In 2017, diabetes cost the U.S. an estimated $327 billion: $237 billion in direct medical costs and $90 billion in reduced productivity. This is a 34% increase from the estimated $245 billion spent on diabetes in 2012 (ADA, 2018). Controlling A1c blood levels helps reduce the risk of microvascular complications (eye, kidney and nerve diseases) (ADA, 2022b). Show less
Clinical Recommendation Statement	*See CMS122v11.html	American Diabetes Association (2022b): - An A1C goal for many nonpregnant adults of <7% (53 mmol/mol) without significant hypocalcemia is appropriate. (Level of evidence: A) - On the basis of provider judgement and patient preference, achievement of lower A1C levels than the goal of 7% may... be acceptable and even beneficial if it can be achieved safely without significant hypoglycemia or other adverse effects of treatment. (Level of evidence: B) - Less stringent A1C goals (such as <8% [64 mmol/mol]) may be appropriate for patients with limited life expectancy or where the harms of treatment are greater than the benefits. (Level of evidence: B) Show more > American Diabetes Association (2022b): - An A1C goal for many nonpregnant adults of <7% (53 mmol/mol) without significant hypocalcemia is appropriate. (Level of evidence: A) - On the basis of provider judgement and patient preference, achievement of lower A1C levels than the goal of 7% may be acceptable and even beneficial if it can be achieved safely without significant hypoglycemia or other adverse effects of treatment. (Level of evidence: B) - Less stringent A1C goals (such as <8% [64 mmol/mol]) may be appropriate for patients with limited life expectancy or where the harms of treatment are greater than the benefits. (Level of evidence: B) Show less	American Diabetes Association (2023): - Assess glycemic status (A1C or other glycemic measurement such as time in range or glucose management indicator) at least two times a year in patients who are meeting treatment goals (and who have stable glycemic control). (Level of evidence: E) - An... A1C goal for many nonpregnant adults of <7% (53 mmol/mol) without significant hypoglycemia is appropriate. (Level of evidence: A) - On the basis of health care professional judgement and patient preference, achievement of lower A1C levels than the goal of 7% may be acceptable and even beneficial if it can be achieved safely without significant hypoglycemia or other adverse effects of treatment. (Level of evidence: B) - Less stringent A1C goals (such as <8% [64 mmol/mol]) may be appropriate for patients with limited life expectancy or where the harms of treatment are greater than the benefits. Health care professionals should consider deintensification of therapy if appropriate to reduce the risk of hypoglycemia in patients with inappropriate stringent A1C targets. (Level of evidence: B) - Standardized, single-page glucose reports from continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices with visual cues, such as the ambulatory glucose profile, should be considered as a standard summary for all CGM devices. Level of evidence: E Show more > American Diabetes Association (2023): - Assess glycemic status (A1C or other glycemic measurement such as time in range or glucose management indicator) at least two times a year in patients who are meeting treatment goals (and who have stable glycemic control). (Level of evidence: E) - An A1C goal for many nonpregnant adults of <7% (53 mmol/mol) without significant hypoglycemia is appropriate. (Level of evidence: A) - On the basis of health care professional judgement and patient preference, achievement of lower A1C levels than the goal of 7% may be acceptable and even beneficial if it can be achieved safely without significant hypoglycemia or other adverse effects of treatment. (Level of evidence: B) - Less stringent A1C goals (such as <8% [64 mmol/mol]) may be appropriate for patients with limited life expectancy or where the harms of treatment are greater than the benefits. Health care professionals should consider deintensification of therapy if appropriate to reduce the risk of hypoglycemia in patients with inappropriate stringent A1C targets. (Level of evidence: B) - Standardized, single-page glucose reports from continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) devices with visual cues, such as the ambulatory glucose profile, should be considered as a standard summary for all CGM devices. Level of evidence: E Show less
Improvement Notation	Lower score indicates better quality	Lower score indicates better quality	Lower score indicates better quality
Definition	*See CMS122v11.html	None	None
Guidance	If the HbA1c test result is in the medical record, the test can be used to determine numerator compliance. This eCQM is a patient-based measure. This version of the eCQM uses QDM version 5.6. Please refer to the QDM page for more information on the QDM.	If the HbA1c test result is in the medical record, the test can be used to determine numerator compliance. This eCQM is a patient-based measure. This version of the eCQM uses QDM version 5.6. Please refer to the QDM page for more information on the QDM.	If the glycemic status assessment (HbA1c or GMI) is in the medical record, the test can be used to determine numerator compliance. Glycemic status assessment (HbA1c or GMI) must be reported as a percentage (%). If multiple glycemic status assessments were recorded for a single date, use... the lowest result. This eCQM is a patient-based measure. This version of the eCQM uses QDM version 5.6. Please refer to the QDM page for more information on the QDM. Show more > If the glycemic status assessment (HbA1c or GMI) is in the medical record, the test can be used to determine numerator compliance. Glycemic status assessment (HbA1c or GMI) must be reported as a percentage (%). If multiple glycemic status assessments were recorded for a single date, use the lowest result. This eCQM is a patient-based measure. This version of the eCQM uses QDM version 5.6. Please refer to the QDM page for more information on the QDM. Show less
Initial Population	Patients 18-75 years of age by the end of the measurement period, with diabetes with a visit during the measurement period	Patients 18-75 years of age by the end of the measurement period, with diabetes with a visit during the measurement period	Patients 18-75 years of age by the end of the measurement period, with diabetes with a visit during the measurement period
Denominator	Equals Initial Population	Equals Initial Population	Equals Initial Population
Denominator Exclusions	Exclude patients who are in hospice care for any part of the measurement period. Exclude patients 66 and older by the end of the measurement period who are living long term in a nursing home any time on or before the end of during the measurement period. Exclude patients 66 and older by... the end of the measurement period with an indication of frailty for any part of the measurement period who also meet any of the following advanced illness criteria: - Advanced illness with two outpatient encounters during the measurement period or the year prior - OR advanced illness with one inpatient encounter during the measurement period or the year prior - OR taking dementia medications during the measurement period or the year prior Exclude patients receiving palliative care for any part of the measurement period. Show more > Exclude patients who are in hospice care for any part of the measurement period. Exclude patients 66 and older by the end of the measurement period who are living long term in a nursing home any time on or before the end of during the measurement period. Exclude patients 66 and older by the end of the measurement period with an indication of frailty for any part of the measurement period who also meet any of the following advanced illness criteria: - Advanced illness with two outpatient encounters during the measurement period or the year prior - OR advanced illness with one inpatient encounter during the measurement period or the year prior - OR taking dementia medications during the measurement period or the year prior Exclude patients receiving palliative care for any part of the measurement period. Show less	Exclude patients who are in hospice care for any part of the measurement period. Exclude patients 66 and older by the end of the measurement period who are living long term in a nursing home any time on or before the end of the measurement period. Exclude patients 66 and older by the end... of the measurement period with an indication of frailty for any part of the measurement period who also meet any of the following advanced illness criteria: - Advanced illness with two outpatient encounters during the measurement period or the year prior - OR advanced illness with one inpatient encounter during the measurement period or the year prior - OR taking dementia medications during the measurement period or the year prior Exclude patients receiving palliative care for any part of the measurement period. Show more > Exclude patients who are in hospice care for any part of the measurement period. Exclude patients 66 and older by the end of the measurement period who are living long term in a nursing home any time on or before the end of the measurement period. Exclude patients 66 and older by the end of the measurement period with an indication of frailty for any part of the measurement period who also meet any of the following advanced illness criteria: - Advanced illness with two outpatient encounters during the measurement period or the year prior - OR advanced illness with one inpatient encounter during the measurement period or the year prior - OR taking dementia medications during the measurement period or the year prior Exclude patients receiving palliative care for any part of the measurement period. Show less	Exclude patients who are in hospice care for any part of the measurement period. Exclude patients 66 and older by the end of the measurement period who are living long term in a nursing home any time on or before the end of the measurement period. Exclude patients 66 and older by the end... of the measurement period with an indication of frailty for any part of the measurement period who also meet any of the following advanced illness criteria: - Advanced illness diagnosis during the measurement period or the year prior - OR taking dementia medications during the measurement period or the year prior Exclude patients receiving palliative care for any part of the measurement period. Show more > Exclude patients who are in hospice care for any part of the measurement period. Exclude patients 66 and older by the end of the measurement period who are living long term in a nursing home any time on or before the end of the measurement period. Exclude patients 66 and older by the end of the measurement period with an indication of frailty for any part of the measurement period who also meet any of the following advanced illness criteria: - Advanced illness diagnosis during the measurement period or the year prior - OR taking dementia medications during the measurement period or the year prior Exclude patients receiving palliative care for any part of the measurement period. Show less
Numerator	Patients whose most recent HbA1c level (performed during the measurement period) is >9.0% or is missing, or was not performed during the measurement period	Patients whose most recent HbA1c level (performed during the measurement period) is >9.0% or is missing, or was not performed during the measurement period	Patients whose most recent glycemic status assessment (HbA1c or GMI) (performed during the measurement period) is >9.0% or is missing, or was not performed during the measurement period
Numerator Exclusions	Not Applicable	Not Applicable	Not Applicable
Denominator Exceptions	None	None	None
Telehealth Eligible	Yes	Yes	Yes
Next Version	CMS122v12	CMS122v13	No Version Available
Previous Version	No Version Available	CMS122v11	CMS122v12

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Additional Resources for CMS122v12

CMS122v12-TRN.xlsx

Header

Updated copyright.
Measure Section: Copyright
Source of Change: Annual Update
Updated the rationale based upon more recent literature and evidence to support the measure.
Measure Section: Rationale
Source of Change: Measure Lead
Updated the clinical recommendation statement based upon more recent literature and evidence to support the measure.
Measure Section: Clinical Recommendation Statement
Source of Change: Measure Lead
Updated references.
Measure Section: Reference
Source of Change: Measure Lead
Updated grammar, wording, and/or formatting to improve readability and consistency.
Measure Section: Denominator Exclusions
Source of Change: Annual Update

Logic

Changed sequence of denominator exclusions in logic to align with the sequence in the Denominator Exclusions section of the header to improve readability.
Measure Section: Denominator Exclusions
Source of Change: Measure Lead
Updated the version number of the Palliative Care Exclusion ECQM Library to v3.0.000.
Measure Section: Definitions
Source of Change: Annual Update
Updated the version number of the Hospice Library to v5.0.000.
Measure Section: Definitions
Source of Change: Annual Update
Updated the names of CQL definitions, functions, and/or aliases for clarification and to align with the CQL Style Guide.
Measure Section: Definitions
Source of Change: Standards/Technical Update
Replaced direct reference code 'Encounter with palliative care' with 'Palliative Care Diagnosis' value set in the PalliativeCare.Has Palliative Care in the Measurement Period definition to organize capture of patients receiving palliative care, per standards expert input.
Measure Section: Definitions
Source of Change: Measure Lead
Added 'day of' specificity to the palliative care expressions for consistency.
Measure Section: Definitions
Source of Change: Measure Lead
Added 'day of' specificity to hospice expressions for consistency.
Measure Section: Definitions
Source of Change: Measure Lead
Updated the version number of the Advanced Illness and Frailty Exclusion eCQM Library to v8.0.000.
Measure Section: Definitions
Source of Change: Annual Update
Added QDM datatype 'Diagnosis' to the Hospice.'Has Hospice Services' definition referencing a new value set containing SNOMED finding codes to provide an additional approach for identifying patients receiving hospice care.
Measure Section: Definitions
Source of Change: Measure Lead
Updated the version number of the Advanced Illness and Frailty Exclusion eCQM Library to v8.0.000.
Measure Section: Functions
Source of Change: Annual Update
Updated the version number of the Hospice Library to v5.0.000.
Measure Section: Functions
Source of Change: Annual Update
Updated the version number of the Palliative Care Exclusion ECQM Library to v3.0.000.
Measure Section: Functions
Source of Change: Annual Update

Value Set

The VSAC is the source of truth for the value set content, please visit the VSAC for downloads of current value sets.

Value set Acute Inpatient (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1083): Added 3 CPT codes (99236, 99234, 99235) based on review by technical experts, SMEs, and/or public feedback. Added 1 SNOMED CT code (2876009) based on review by technical experts, SMEs, and/or public feedback.
Measure Section: Terminology
Source of Change: Measure Lead
Value set Advanced Illness (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.110.12.1082): Added 47 SNOMED CT codes based on review by technical experts, SMEs, and/or public feedback.
Measure Section: Terminology
Source of Change: Measure Lead
Value set Diabetes (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.103.12.1001): Deleted 54 ICD-9-CM codes based on validity of code during timing of look back period. Deleted 3 SNOMED CT codes (190369008, 237618001, 314771006) based on validity of code during timing of look back period.
Measure Section: Terminology
Source of Change: Measure Lead
Value set (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1010): Renamed to Emergency Department Evaluation and Management Visit based on recommended value set naming conventions.
Measure Section: Terminology
Source of Change: Annual Update
Value set Frailty Diagnosis (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.113.12.1074): Added 1 ICD-10-CM code (L89.000) based on review by technical experts, SMEs, and/or public feedback.
Measure Section: Terminology
Source of Change: Measure Lead
Value set Frailty Symptom (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.113.12.1075): Deleted 4 ICD-10-CM codes (R26.0, R26.1, R41.81, R53.83) based on review by technical experts, SMEs, and/or public feedback. Deleted 17 SNOMED CT codes based on review by technical experts, SMEs, and/or public feedback.
Measure Section: Terminology
Source of Change: Measure Lead
Value set HbA1c Laboratory Test (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.198.12.1013): Added 2 LOINC codes (17855-8, 96595-4) based on review by technical experts, SMEs, and/or public feedback.
Measure Section: Terminology
Source of Change: Measure Lead
Value set Hospice Care Ambulatory (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1584): Deleted 3 SNOMED CT codes (170935008, 170936009, 305911006) based on review by technical experts, SMEs, and/or public feedback.
Measure Section: Terminology
Source of Change: Measure Lead
Added value set Hospice Diagnosis (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.1165) based on review by technical experts, SMEs, and/or public feedback.
Measure Section: Terminology
Source of Change: Measure Lead
Value set Hospice Encounter (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.1003): Added 2 SNOMED CT codes (305911006, 385765002) based on review by technical experts, SMEs, and/or public feedback.
Measure Section: Terminology
Source of Change: Measure Lead
Value set Outpatient (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1087): Added 2 SNOMED CT codes (30346009, 37894004) based on review by technical experts, SMEs, and/or public feedback.
Measure Section: Terminology
Source of Change: Measure Lead
Replaced direct reference code ICD-10-CM code (Z51.5) with value set Palliative Care Diagnosis (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.1167) based on change in measure requirements/measure specification.
Measure Section: Terminology
Source of Change: Measure Lead
Value set Palliative Care Intervention (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.198.12.1135): Deleted 3 SNOMED CT codes (305686008, 305824005, 441874000) based on review by technical experts, SMEs, and/or public feedback.
Measure Section: Terminology
Source of Change: Measure Lead
Value set Payer (2.16.840.1.114222.4.11.3591): Added 5 SOP codes (1111, 1112, 142, 344, 141) based on review by technical experts, SMEs, and/or public feedback.
Measure Section: Terminology
Source of Change: Measure Lead