Intravesical Bacillus-Calmette-Guerin for Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer
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| Measure Information | 2022 Performance Period | 2023 Performance Period | 2024 Performance Period | 2025 Performance Period |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Title | Intravesical Bacillus-Calmette-Guerin for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer | Intravesical Bacillus-Calmette-Guerin for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer | Intravesical Bacillus-Calmette-Guerin for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer | Intravesical Bacillus-Calmette-Guerin for Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer |
| CMS eCQM ID | CMS646v2 | CMS646v3 | CMS646v4 | CMS646v5 |
| CBE ID* | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable |
| MIPS Quality ID | 481 | 481 | 481 | 481 |
| Measure Steward | Oregon Urology | Oregon Urology | Oregon Urology | Oregon Urology |
| Description |
Percentage of patients initially diagnosed with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer and who received intravesical Bacillus-Calmette-Guerin (BCG) within 6 months of bladder cancer staging. |
Percentage of patients initially diagnosed with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer and who received intravesical Bacillus-Calmette-Guerin (BCG) within 6 months of bladder cancer staging |
Percentage of patients initially diagnosed with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer and who received intravesical Bacillus-Calmette-Guerin (BCG) within 6 months of bladder cancer staging |
Percentage of patients initially diagnosed with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer and who received intravesical Bacillus-Calmette-Guerin (BCG) within 6 months of bladder cancer staging |
| Measure Scoring | Proportion measure | Proportion measure | Proportion measure | Proportion measure |
| Measure Type | Process | Process | Process | Process |
| Stratification | *See CMS646v2.html | *See CMS646v3.html |
None |
None |
| Risk Adjustment | *See CMS646v2.html | *See CMS646v3.html |
None |
None |
| Rationale | *See CMS646v2.html | *See CMS646v3.html |
Bladder cancer is ranked 10th for new cancer cases in 2020 and is the 9th leading cause of cancer death in the United States. There are 81,400 estimated new cases in 2020 and 17,980 estimated deaths in 2020. In 2016, there were an estimated 699,450 people living with bladder cancer in the United States. Early detection (discovery of cancer in situ or localized to the primary site) is found in 85% of the patients, and with these there is a five-year survival rate of 95.8% for In Situ and 69.2% for Localized. Bladder cancer is rarely found in patients under age 20, with the median age of diagnosis being 73 (NIH, 2020). National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Guidelines for Bladder Cancer (version 6.2020) defines intravesical BCG as Category 1 Treatment for Ta - high grade, T1 and Tis non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Most public data reflects prophylactic or adjuvant use of intravesical therapy with the goal of preventing recurrence or delaying progression to a higher grade or stage. BCG has been shown to be effective as prophylaxis to prevent bladder cancer recurrences following TURBT. The NCCN Bladder Cancer Panel Members recommend BCG as the preferred option over Mitomycin C for adjuvant treatment of high-grade lesions (Ta). BCG is also standard therapy for Primary Tis. Most T1 lesions are high risk and are similarly treated with adjuvant intravesical therapy with BCG being a Category 1 recommendation. (NCCN, 2020). |
Bladder cancer is ranked 10th for new cancer cases in 2020 and is the 9th leading cause of cancer death in the United States. There are 81,400 estimated new cases in 2020 and 17,980 estimated deaths in 2020. In 2016, there were an estimated 699,450 people living with bladder cancer in the United States. Early detection (discovery of cancer in situ or localized to the primary site) is found in 85% of the patients, and with these there is a five-year survival rate of 95.8% for In Situ and 69.2% for Localized. Bladder cancer is rarely found in patients under age 20, with the median age of diagnosis being 73 (NIH, 2020). National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Guidelines for Bladder Cancer (version 6.2021) defines intravesical BCG as Category 1 Treatment for Ta - high grade, T1 and Tis non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Most public data reflects prophylactic or adjuvant use of intravesical therapy with the goal of preventing recurrence or delaying progression to a higher grade or stage. BCG has been shown to be effective as prophylaxis to prevent bladder cancer recurrences following TURBT. The NCCN Bladder Cancer Panel Members recommend BCG as the preferred option over Mitomycin C for adjuvant treatment of high-grade lesions (Ta). BCG is also standard therapy for Primary Tis. Most T1 lesions are high risk and are similarly treated with adjuvant intravesical therapy with BCG being a Category 1 recommendation. (NCCN, 2021). |
| Clinical Recommendation Statement | *See CMS646v2.html | *See CMS646v3.html |
Intravesical BCG should be administered within 6 months of the initial diagnosis of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. It may be administered 3-4 weeks after resection, but there needs to be pathological tumor confirmation and must be withheld if there is traumatic catheterization, bacteriuria, persistent gross hematuria, persistent severe local symptoms or systemic symptoms. The normal induction course is 6 weekly instillations of intravesical BCG (AUA Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer and American Urological Association (AUA) Guideline for the Management of Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer: Stages Ta High Risk, T1 and TIS). |
Intravesical BCG should be administered within 6 months of the initial diagnosis of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. It may be administered 3-4 weeks after resection, but there needs to be pathological tumor confirmation and must be withheld if there is traumatic catheterization, bacteriuria, persistent gross hematuria, persistent severe local symptoms or systemic symptoms. The normal induction course is 6 weekly instillations of intravesical BCG (AUA Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer and American Urological Association (AUA) Guideline for the Management of Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer: Stages Ta High Risk, T1 and TIS). |
| Improvement Notation |
A higher score is the preferred result and indicates better quality |
A higher score is the preferred result and indicates better quality |
A higher score is the preferred result and indicates better quality |
A higher score is the preferred result and indicates better quality |
| Definition | *See CMS646v2.html | *See CMS646v3.html |
Intravesical - Within the urinary bladder Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) - A live attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis, first indicated as a tuberculosis vaccine, has had widespread use in intravesical immunotherapy since the 1970's. Tumor location: urinary bladder Histology: urothelial carcinoma Primary Tumor (T) stage: Ta - Noninvasive and high grade Tis - Carcinoma in situ: "flat tumor" T1- tumor invades subepithelial connective tissue (high grade or low grade) |
Intravesical - Within the urinary bladder Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) - A live attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis, first indicated as a tuberculosis vaccine, has had widespread use in intravesical immunotherapy since the 1970's. Tumor location: urinary bladder Histology: urothelial carcinoma Primary Tumor (T) stage: Ta - Noninvasive and high grade Tis - Carcinoma in situ: "flat tumor" T1- tumor invades subepithelial connective tissue (high grade or low grade) |
| Guidance |
Ta bladder cancer must be high grade Ta only and is supported by the 2016 AUA guidelines and 2018 NCCN guidelines. The BCG dose can be full or partial and can be from any lot or manufacturer. This eCQM is a patient-based measure. Telehealth encounters are not eligible for this measure because the measure requires a clinical action that cannot be conducted via telehealth. This version of the eCQM uses QDM version 5.5. Please refer to the eCQI resource center for more information on the QDM. |
Ta bladder cancer must be high grade Ta only and is supported by the 2016 AUA guidelines and 2018 NCCN guidelines. The BCG dose can be full or partial and can be from any lot or manufacturer. This eCQM is a patient-based measure. Telehealth encounters are not eligible for this measure because the measure requires a clinical action that cannot be conducted via telehealth. This version of the eCQM uses QDM version 5.6. Please refer to the QDM page for more information on the QDM. |
Ta bladder cancer must be high grade Ta only and is supported by the 2016 AUA guidelines and 2018 NCCN guidelines. The BCG dose can be full or partial and can be from any lot or manufacturer. This eCQM is a patient-based measure. Telehealth encounters are not eligible for this measure because the measure requires a clinical action that cannot be conducted via telehealth. This version of the eCQM uses QDM version 5.6. Please refer to the QDM page for more information on the QDM. |
Ta bladder cancer must be high grade Ta only and is supported by the 2016 AUA guidelines and 2018 NCCN guidelines. The BCG dose can be full or partial and can be from any lot or manufacturer. This eCQM is a patient-based measure. Telehealth encounters are not eligible for this measure because the measure requires a clinical action that cannot be conducted via telehealth. This version of the eCQM uses QDM version 5.6. Please refer to the QDM page for more information on the QDM. |
| Initial Population |
All patients initially diagnosed with T1, Tis or high grade Ta non-muscle invasive bladder cancer and a qualified encounter in the measurement period. |
All patients initially diagnosed with T1, Tis or high grade Ta non-muscle invasive bladder cancer and a qualified encounter in the measurement period |
All patients initially diagnosed with T1, Tis or high grade Ta non-muscle invasive bladder cancer with bladder cancer staging within 6 months before to 6 months after the start of the measurement period and a qualified encounter in the measurement period |
All patients initially diagnosed with T1, Tis or high grade Ta non-muscle invasive bladder cancer with bladder cancer staging within 6 months before to 6 months after the start of the measurement period and a qualified encounter in the measurement period |
| Denominator |
Equals Initial population |
Equals Initial Population |
Equals Initial Population |
Equals Initial Population |
| Denominator Exclusions |
Immunosuppressed patients, includes HIV and immunocompromised state. Immunosuppressive drug therapy. Active Tuberculosis. Mixed histology urothelial cell carcinoma including micropapillary, plasmacytoid, sarcomatoid, adenocarcinoma and squamous disease. Patients who undergo cystectomy, chemotherapy or radiation within 6 months of Bladder Cancer Staging. |
Immunosuppressed patients, includes HIV and immunocompromised state. Immunosuppressive drug therapy. Active Tuberculosis. Mixed histology urothelial cell carcinoma including micropapillary, plasmacytoid, sarcomatoid, adenocarcinoma and squamous disease. Patients who undergo cystectomy, chemotherapy or radiation within 6 months of Bladder Cancer Staging. |
Immunosuppressed patients, includes HIV and immunocompromised state, with a diagnosis prior to Bladder Cancer Staging Immunosuppressive drug therapy starting on or before Bladder Cancer Staging Active Tuberculosis diagnosis during the Bladder Cancer Staging Mixed histology urothelial cell carcinoma including micropapillary, plasmacytoid, sarcomatoid, adenocarcinoma and squamous disease prior to Bladder Cancer Staging Patients who undergo cystectomy, chemotherapy or radiation within 6 months of Bladder Cancer Staging |
Immunosuppressed patients, includes HIV and immunocompromised state, with a diagnosis prior to Bladder Cancer Staging. Immunosuppressive drug therapy starting on or before Bladder Cancer Staging. Active Tuberculosis diagnosis during the Bladder Cancer Staging. Mixed histology urothelial cell carcinoma including micropapillary, plasmacytoid, sarcomatoid, adenocarcinoma and squamous disease prior to Bladder Cancer Staging. Patients who undergo cystectomy, chemotherapy or radiation within 6 months prior to Bladder Cancer Staging. |
| Numerator |
Intravesical Bacillus-Calmette Guerin (BCG) instillation for initial dose or series. BCG is initiated within 6 months of the bladder cancer staging and during the measurement period. |
Intravesical Bacillus-Calmette Guerin (BCG) instillation for initial dose or series BCG is initiated within 6 months of the bladder cancer staging and during the measurement period |
Intravesical Bacillus-Calmette Guerin (BCG) instillation for initial dose or series: BCG is initiated within 6 months of the bladder cancer staging |
Intravesical Bacillus-Calmette Guerin (BCG) instillation for initial dose or series: BCG is initiated within 6 months of the bladder cancer staging |
| Numerator Exclusions |
Not Applicable |
Not Applicable |
Not Applicable |
Not Applicable |
| Denominator Exceptions |
Unavailability of BCG |
Unavailability of BCG |
Unavailability of BCG within 6 months after Bladder Cancer Staging |
Unavailability of BCG within 6 months after Bladder Cancer Staging |
| Telehealth Eligible | No | No | No | No |
| Next Version | No Version Available | No Version Available | ||
| Previous Version | No Version Available |
Additional Resources for CMS646v5
Header
Updated the eCQM version number.
Measure Section:
eCQM Version Number
Source of Change:
Annual Update
Changed all references from NQF to CBE to identify the consensus-based entity role.
Measure Section:
CBE Number
Source of Change:
Annual Update
Updated copyright.
Measure Section:
Copyright
Source of Change:
Annual Update
Updated wording from 'within 6 months of Bladder Cancer Staging' to 'within 6 months prior to the Bladder Cancer Staging' to align with measure logic.
Measure Section:
Source of Change:
Measure Lead
Updated grammar, wording, and/or formatting to improve readability and consistency.
Measure Section:
Multiple Sections
Source of Change:
Annual Update
Updated references and measure header to reflect current evidence and new or updated literature.
Measure Section:
Multiple Sections
Source of Change:
Measure Lead
Logic
Updated the Initial Population definition to remove duplication of the definition 'First Bladder Cancer Staging Procedure during 6 Months Prior to Measurement Period through the First 6 Months of Measurement Period,' which is checked later in the measure logic.
Measure Section:
Initial Population
Source of Change:
Measure Lead
Updated the names of CQL definitions, functions, and/or aliases for clarification and to align with the CQL Style Guide.
Measure Section:
Definitions
Source of Change:
Standards/Technical Update
Updated the version number of the Measure Authoring Tool (MAT) Global Common Functions Library to v8.0.000 and the library name from 'MATGlobalCommonFunctions' to 'MATGlobalCommonFunctionsQDM.'
Measure Section:
Definitions
Source of Change:
Annual Update
Renamed value set to 'Payer Type' to more accurately reflect the contents and intent of the value set.
Measure Section:
Definitions
Source of Change:
Standards/Technical Update
Updated the version number of the Measure Authoring Tool (MAT) Global Common Functions Library to v8.0.000 and the library name from 'MATGlobalCommonFunctions' to 'MATGlobalCommonFunctionsQDM.'
Measure Section:
Functions
Source of Change:
Annual Update
Value Set
The VSAC is the source of truth for the value set content, please visit the VSAC for downloads of current value sets.
Removed ICD-9 extensional value sets from select grouping value sets, leaving codes from active terminologies (ICD-10 and SNOMED), to reduce implementer burden.
Measure Section:
Terminology
Source of Change:
Standards/Technical Update
Value set Chemotherapy Agents for Advanced Cancer (2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1151.60): Added 4 RxNorm codes (1441408, 1441414, 1441419, 1441425) based on review by technical experts, SMEs, and/or public feedback. Deleted 1 RxNorm code (1918045) based on terminology update.
Measure Section:
Terminology
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Measure Lead
Value set HIV (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.120.12.1003): Added 2 SNOMED CT codes (1187000005, 1260096003) based on review by technical experts, SMEs, and/or public feedback. Deleted 1 SNOMED CT code (420687005) based on review by technical experts, SMEs, and/or public feedback. Deleted 3 ICD-9-CM codes (042, 079.53, V08) based on applicability of value set and/or OID.
Measure Section:
Terminology
Source of Change:
Measure Lead
Value set Immunocompromised Conditions (2.16.840.1.113883.3.666.5.1940): Added 9 SNOMED CT codes (838355002, 1255796007, 1255805006, 1255806007, 1255807003, 1255895001, 1255906008, 1255907004, 1162928000) based on terminology update. Deleted 17 SNOMED CT codes based on terminology update.
Measure Section:
Terminology
Source of Change:
Annual Update
Value set Immunosuppressive Drugs for Urology Care (2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1151.32): Deleted 1 RxNorm code (763564) based on terminology update.
Measure Section:
Terminology
Source of Change:
Annual Update
Value set Office Visit (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1001): Deleted 2 SNOMED CT codes (30346009, 37894004) based on updated evidence in published guidelines, published literature, or from published specialty medical society or group recommendations. Deleted 1 CPT code (99201) based on updated evidence in published guidelines, published literature, or from published specialty medical society or group recommendations.
Measure Section:
Terminology
Source of Change:
Measure Lead
Value set (2.16.840.1.114222.4.11.3591): Renamed to Payer Type based on recommended value set naming conventions.
Measure Section:
Terminology
Source of Change:
Annual Update
Replaced direct reference code SNOMED CT code (369935001) with direct reference code SNOMED CT code (1228889001) based on terminology update.
Measure Section:
Terminology
Source of Change:
Annual Update
Replaced direct reference code SNOMED CT code (369949005) with direct reference code SNOMED CT code (1228883000) based on terminology update.
Measure Section:
Terminology
Source of Change:
Annual Update
Replaced direct reference code SNOMED CT code (369934002) with direct reference code SNOMED CT code (1228884006) based on terminology update.
Measure Section:
Terminology
Source of Change:
Annual Update