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CMS Measure ID: CMS816v4    Performance/Reporting Period: 2025    NQF Number: 3503e
Description:

The measure assesses the number of inpatient hospitalizations for patients age 18 and older who were administered at least one hypoglycemic medication during the encounter and who suffer the harm of a severe hypoglycemic event during the encounter

Data Elements and coded QDM Attributes contained within the eCQM

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Value Set Description from VSAC
Clinical Focus: The purpose of this value set is to represent concepts for encounters in the emergency department (ED).
Data Element Scope: This value set may use a model element related to Encounter.
Inclusion Criteria: Includes concepts that represent an encounter ocurring in the emergency department (ED).
Exclusion Criteria: Excludes concepts that represent services not performed in the emergency department, including critical care and observation services.

Constrained to codes in the Emergency Department Visit value set (2.16.840.1.113883.3.117.1.7.1.292)

QDM Datatype and Definition

"Encounter, Performed"

Data elements that meet criteria using this datatype should document that the encounter indicated by the QDM category and its corresponding value set is in progress or has been completed.

The "Encounter, Performed" participant references the primary participant.

Previous versions of QDM included an attribute principal diagnosis, defined as the condition that, after study, was determined to be the principal cause of the admission. QDM version 5.6 addresses that concept using the diagnosis rank=1.

Timing:

  • The relevantPeriod addresses:
    • startTime - The time the encounter began (admission time).
    • stopTime - The time the encounter ended (discharge time).
  • author dateTime references the time the action was recorded.
  • Refer to the eCQM expression to determine allowable timings to meet measure criteria.

Notes:

  • negation rationale indicates a one-time documentation of a reason an activity is not performed. Negation of QDM datatype-related actions for a reason always use the author dateTime attribute to reference timing and must not use relevantPeriod.
  • The locationPeriod is an attribute of the attribute facility location that addresses:
    • startTime - the time the patient arrived at the location. The time the encounter began (admission time).
    • stopTime - the time the patient departed from the location.
Value Set Description from VSAC
Clinical Focus: The purpose of this value set is to represent concepts of inpatient hospitalization encounters.
Data Element Scope: This value set may use a model element related to Encounter.
Inclusion Criteria: Includes concepts that represent an encounter for inpatient hospitalizations.
Exclusion Criteria: No exclusions.

Constrained to codes in the Encounter Inpatient value set (2.16.840.1.113883.3.666.5.307)

QDM Datatype and Definition

"Encounter, Performed"

Data elements that meet criteria using this datatype should document that the encounter indicated by the QDM category and its corresponding value set is in progress or has been completed.

The "Encounter, Performed" participant references the primary participant.

Previous versions of QDM included an attribute principal diagnosis, defined as the condition that, after study, was determined to be the principal cause of the admission. QDM version 5.6 addresses that concept using the diagnosis rank=1.

Timing:

  • The relevantPeriod addresses:
    • startTime - The time the encounter began (admission time).
    • stopTime - The time the encounter ended (discharge time).
  • author dateTime references the time the action was recorded.
  • Refer to the eCQM expression to determine allowable timings to meet measure criteria.

Notes:

  • negation rationale indicates a one-time documentation of a reason an activity is not performed. Negation of QDM datatype-related actions for a reason always use the author dateTime attribute to reference timing and must not use relevantPeriod.
  • The locationPeriod is an attribute of the attribute facility location that addresses:
    • startTime - the time the patient arrived at the location. The time the encounter began (admission time).
    • stopTime - the time the patient departed from the location.
Value Set Description from VSAC
Clinical Focus: The purpose of this value set is to represent concepts for encounters for observation.
Data Element Scope: This value set may use a model element related to Encounter.
Inclusion Criteria: Includes concepts that represent an encounter for observation in the inpatient or outpatient setting.
Exclusion Criteria: No exclusions.

Constrained to codes in the Observation Services value set (2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1111.143)

QDM Datatype and Definition

"Encounter, Performed"

Data elements that meet criteria using this datatype should document that the encounter indicated by the QDM category and its corresponding value set is in progress or has been completed.

The "Encounter, Performed" participant references the primary participant.

Previous versions of QDM included an attribute principal diagnosis, defined as the condition that, after study, was determined to be the principal cause of the admission. QDM version 5.6 addresses that concept using the diagnosis rank=1.

Timing:

  • The relevantPeriod addresses:
    • startTime - The time the encounter began (admission time).
    • stopTime - The time the encounter ended (discharge time).
  • author dateTime references the time the action was recorded.
  • Refer to the eCQM expression to determine allowable timings to meet measure criteria.

Notes:

  • negation rationale indicates a one-time documentation of a reason an activity is not performed. Negation of QDM datatype-related actions for a reason always use the author dateTime attribute to reference timing and must not use relevantPeriod.
  • The locationPeriod is an attribute of the attribute facility location that addresses:
    • startTime - the time the patient arrived at the location. The time the encounter began (admission time).
    • stopTime - the time the patient departed from the location.
Value Set Description from VSAC
Clinical Focus: The purpose of this value set is to represent concepts for laboratory tests measuring glucose and reported as Mass Per Volume (mg/dL).
Data Element Scope: This value set may use a model element related to Laboratory Test.
Inclusion Criteria: Includes concepts that represent a laboratory test measuring glucose in the specimen source of blood, serum, plasma or interstitial fluid, including Point of Care (POC) testing and reported as Mass Per Volume (mg/dL).
Exclusion Criteria: Excludes concepts that represent a laboratory test measuring glucose from a specimen source other than blood, serum, plasma or interstitial fluid. Excludes concepts that represent a laboratory test measuring glucose and reported as Moles Per Volume (mmol/L).

Constrained to codes in the Glucose Lab Test Mass Per Volume value set (2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1248.34)

QDM Datatype and Definition

"Laboratory Test, Performed"

Data elements that meet criteria using this datatype should document the laboratory test indicated by the QDM category and its corresponding value set was performed.

Timing:

  • relevant dateTime references the time the laboratory test is performed when the laboratory test occurs at a single point in time.
  • relevantPeriod references a start and stop time for a laboratory test that occurs over a time interval. relevantPeriod addresses:
    • startTime - The time the laboratory test begins.
    • stopTime - The time the laboratory test ends.
  • author dateTime references the time the action was recorded.
  • Refer to the eCQM expression to determine allowable timings to meet measure criterion.

Examples:

  • Initiation of a venipuncture for a fasting blood glucose to the time venipuncture for the fasting blood glucose is completed – use relevant dateTime to reference this single point in time for many specimen collections
  • Initiation of a 24-hour urine collection for measured creatinine clearance until completion of the 24-hour urine collection – use relevantPeriod to reference the start to stop time for this event.

Notes:

  • The time that the result report is available is a separate attribute than the time of the study (specimen collection).
  • negation rationale indicates a one-time documentation of a reason an activity is not performed. Negation of QDM datatype-related actions for a reason always use the author dateTime attribute to reference timing and must not use relevantPeriod.
Value Set Description from VSAC
Clinical Focus: The purpose of this value set is to represent concepts for medications capable of causing severe hypoglycemia.
Data Element Scope: This value set may use a model element related to Medication.
Inclusion Criteria: Includes concepts that represent insulin, non-insulin injectable antidiabetics, and oral antidiabetic medication.
Exclusion Criteria: Excludes concepts that represent medications used to treat diabetes mellitus but are not commonly associated with severe hypoglycemia.

Constrained to codes in the Hypoglycemics Severe Hypoglycemia value set (2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1196.393)

QDM Datatype and Definition

"Medication, Administered"

Data elements that meet criteria using this datatype should document that the medication indicated by the QDM category and its corresponding value set was actually administered to the patient.

Timing:

  • relevant dateTime references the time the medication is administered if it was given or taken at a single point in time.
  • relevantPeriod references a start and stop time for medication administration if the administration event occurred over a time interval (e.g., an intravenous infusion). The relevantPeriod addresses:
    • startTime - when a single medication administration event starts (e.g., the initiation of an intravenous infusion).
    • stopTime - when a single medication administration event ends (e.g., the end time of the intravenous infusion).
  • author dateTime references the time the action was recorded.
  • Refer to the eCQM expression to determine allowable timings to meet measure criterion.

Notes:

  • Measure developers should address multiple administrations over a period of time using CQL logic.
  • negation rationale indicates a one-time documentation of a reason an activity is not performed. Negation of QDM datatype-related actions for a reason always use the author dateTime attribute to reference timing and must not use relevantPeriod.

Refer to Special Cases in Section 5.7 for scenarios to consider in calculating cumulative medication duration.

Value Set Description from VSAC
Clinical Focus: n/a Data Element Scope: n/a Inclusion Criteria: n/a Exclusion Criteria: n/a

Constrained to codes in the Ethnicity value set (2.16.840.1.114222.4.11.837)

QDM Datatype and Definition

"Patient Characteristic, Ethnicity"

Data elements that meet criteria using this datatype should document that the patient has one or more of the ethnicities indicated by the QDM category and its corresponding value set.

Timing: Ethnicity does not have a specific timing. Measures using "Patient Characteristic, Ethnicity" should address the most recent entry in the clinical record.

Value Set Description from VSAC
Clinical Focus: Categories of types of health care payer entities as defined by the US Public Health Data Consortium SOP code system
Data Element Scope: @code in CCDA r2.1 template Planned Coverage [act: identifier urn:oid:2.16.840.1.113883.10.20.22.4.129 (open)] DYNAMIC
Inclusion Criteria: All codes in the code system
Exclusion Criteria: none

Constrained to codes in the Payer Type value set (2.16.840.1.114222.4.11.3591)

QDM Datatype and Definition

"Patient Characteristic, Payer"

Data elements that meet criteria using this datatype should document that the patient has one or more of the payers indicated by the QDM category and its corresponding value set.

Timing:

The relevantPeriod addresses:

  • startTime – the first day of insurance coverage with the referenced payer.
  • stopTime – the last day of insurance coverage with the referenced payer.
Value Set Description from VSAC
Clinical Focus: n/a Data Element Scope: n/a Inclusion Criteria: n/a Exclusion Criteria: n/a

Constrained to codes in the Race value set (2.16.840.1.114222.4.11.836)

QDM Datatype and Definition

"Patient Characteristic, Race"

Data elements that meet criteria using this datatype should document the patient’s race.

Timing: Race does not have a specific timing. Measures using "Patient Characteristic, Race" should address the most recent entry in the clinical record.

Value Set Description from VSAC
Clinical Focus: Gender identity restricted to only Male and Female used in administrative situations requiring a restriction to these two categories.
Data Element Scope: Gender
Inclusion Criteria: Male and Female only.
Exclusion Criteria: Any gender identity that is not male or female.

Constrained to codes in the ONC Administrative Sex value set (2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1)

QDM Datatype and Definition

"Patient Characteristic, Sex"

Data elements that meet criteria using this datatype should document that the patient's sex matches the QDM category and its corresponding value set.

Timing: Birth (administrative) sex does not have a specific timing.