Hospital Harm - Postoperative Respiratory Failure

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Measure Information	2026 Reporting Period
Title	Hospital Harm - Postoperative Respiratory Failure
CMS eCQM ID	CMS1218v2
Short Name	HH-RF
CBE ID*	4130e
Measure Steward	Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)
Description	This measure assesses the number of elective inpatient hospitalizations for patients aged 18 years and older without an obstetrical condition who have a procedure resulting in postoperative respiratory failure (PRF)
Measure Scoring	Proportion measure
Measure Type	Outcome
Stratification	None
Risk Adjustment	Variables are collected for the development of baseline risk adjustment model Report the first resulted vital sign values during the encounter in the Unified Code for Units of Measure (UCUM) units specified: - Body temperature: Cel, [degF] - Heart rate: {Beats}/min - Respiratory rate:... {Breaths}/min - Systolic blood pressure: mm[Hg] Report the first resulted laboratory test values during the encounter in UCUM units specified: - Albumin: g/dL, umol/L - Aspartate aminotransferase (AST/SGOT): U/L, IU/L - Bicarbonate: mmol/L - Bilirubin: mg/dL, umol/L - Blood urea nitrogen (BUN): mg/dL, umol/L - Carbon dioxide (partial pressure): mm[Hg] - Creatinine: mg/dL, umol/L - Hematocrit: % - Hemoglobin: g/dL, mmol/L - Leukocyte count: {cells}/uL, 103/uL, 109/L, /mm3 - Oxygen (partial pressure): mm[Hg] - pH of arterial blood: [pH] - Platelet count: 103/uL, 109/L, /mm3 - Sodium: meq/L, mmol/L - White blood cell count: {cells}/uL, 103/uL, 109/L, /mm3 Additional variables used for risk adjustment: - American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status class assessment that starts during the encounter - First Body mass index (BMI), reported using UCUM unit: kg/m2 - Encounter diagnoses with their present on admission (POA) indicators - Most recent smoking status - Principal surgical procedures that start during the encounter Please see the Hospital Harm - Postoperative Respiratory Failure Risk Adjustment Methodology Report on the eCQM-specific page on the eCQI Resource Center website: https://ecqi.healthit.gov/. Show more > Variables are collected for the development of baseline risk adjustment model Report the first resulted vital sign values during the encounter in the Unified Code for Units of Measure (UCUM) units specified: - Body temperature: Cel, [degF] - Heart rate: {Beats}/min - Respiratory rate: {Breaths}/min - Systolic blood pressure: mm[Hg] Report the first resulted laboratory test values during the encounter in UCUM units specified: - Albumin: g/dL, umol/L - Aspartate aminotransferase (AST/SGOT): U/L, IU/L - Bicarbonate: mmol/L - Bilirubin: mg/dL, umol/L - Blood urea nitrogen (BUN): mg/dL, umol/L - Carbon dioxide (partial pressure): mm[Hg] - Creatinine: mg/dL, umol/L - Hematocrit: % - Hemoglobin: g/dL, mmol/L - Leukocyte count: {cells}/uL, 103/uL, 109/L, /mm3 - Oxygen (partial pressure): mm[Hg] - pH of arterial blood: [pH] - Platelet count: 103/uL, 109/L, /mm3 - Sodium: meq/L, mmol/L - White blood cell count: {cells}/uL, 103/uL, 109/L, /mm3 Additional variables used for risk adjustment: - American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status class assessment that starts during the encounter - First Body mass index (BMI), reported using UCUM unit: kg/m2 - Encounter diagnoses with their present on admission (POA) indicators - Most recent smoking status - Principal surgical procedures that start during the encounter Please see the Hospital Harm - Postoperative Respiratory Failure Risk Adjustment Methodology Report on the eCQM-specific page on the eCQI Resource Center website: https://ecqi.healthit.gov/. Show less
Rationale	Postoperative respiratory failure (PRF), defined as unplanned endotracheal reintubation, prolonged inability to wean from mechanical ventilation, or inadequate oxygenation and/or ventilation, is the most common serious postoperative pulmonary complication, with an incidence of up to 7.5%... (the incidence of any postoperative pulmonary complication ranges from 10-40%) (Arozullah et al., 2000; Canet et al., 2015; Gupta et al., 2011; Kor et al., 2014). This measure addresses the prevalence of PRF and the variance between hospitals in the incidence of PRF. PRF is a serious complication that can increase the risk of morbidity and mortality, with in-hospital mortality resulting from PRF estimated at 25% to 40% (Arozullah et al., 2000; Canet & Gallart, 2014). Surgical procedures complicated by PRF have 3.74 times higher adjusted odds of death than those not complicated by respiratory failure, 1.47 times higher odds of 90-day readmission, and 1.86 times higher odds of an outpatient visit with one of 44 postoperative conditions (e.g., bacterial infection, fluid and electrolyte disorder, abdominal hernia) within 90 days of hospital discharge (Miller et al., 2001; Romano et al, 2009). PRF is additionally associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation and the need for rehabilitation or skilled nursing facility placement upon discharge (Thompson & Lisco, 2018). The incidence of PRF varies by hospital, with higher reported rates of PRF in nonteaching hospitals than teaching hospitals (Rahman et al., 2013). Additionally, one study found that the odds of developing PRF increased by 6% for each level increase in hospital size from small to large (Rahman et al., 2013). This suggests that there remains room for improvement in hospitals reporting higher rates of PRF. The most widely used current measures of PRF are based on either claims data (CMS Patient Safety Indicator (PSI) 11) or proprietary registry data (National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) of the American College of Surgeons). The eCQM is closely modeled after the NSQIP measure of PRF, which has been widely adopted across American hospitals, and is intended to complement and eventually supplant CMS PSI 11. Show more > Postoperative respiratory failure (PRF), defined as unplanned endotracheal reintubation, prolonged inability to wean from mechanical ventilation, or inadequate oxygenation and/or ventilation, is the most common serious postoperative pulmonary complication, with an incidence of up to 7.5% (the incidence of any postoperative pulmonary complication ranges from 10-40%) (Arozullah et al., 2000; Canet et al., 2015; Gupta et al., 2011; Kor et al., 2014). This measure addresses the prevalence of PRF and the variance between hospitals in the incidence of PRF. PRF is a serious complication that can increase the risk of morbidity and mortality, with in-hospital mortality resulting from PRF estimated at 25% to 40% (Arozullah et al., 2000; Canet & Gallart, 2014). Surgical procedures complicated by PRF have 3.74 times higher adjusted odds of death than those not complicated by respiratory failure, 1.47 times higher odds of 90-day readmission, and 1.86 times higher odds of an outpatient visit with one of 44 postoperative conditions (e.g., bacterial infection, fluid and electrolyte disorder, abdominal hernia) within 90 days of hospital discharge (Miller et al., 2001; Romano et al, 2009). PRF is additionally associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation and the need for rehabilitation or skilled nursing facility placement upon discharge (Thompson & Lisco, 2018). The incidence of PRF varies by hospital, with higher reported rates of PRF in nonteaching hospitals than teaching hospitals (Rahman et al., 2013). Additionally, one study found that the odds of developing PRF increased by 6% for each level increase in hospital size from small to large (Rahman et al., 2013). This suggests that there remains room for improvement in hospitals reporting higher rates of PRF. The most widely used current measures of PRF are based on either claims data (CMS Patient Safety Indicator (PSI) 11) or proprietary registry data (National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) of the American College of Surgeons). The eCQM is closely modeled after the NSQIP measure of PRF, which has been widely adopted across American hospitals, and is intended to complement and eventually supplant CMS PSI 11. Show less
Clinical Recommendation Statement	Recent studies and current clinical practice guidelines for PRF have identified enhanced recovery pathways, prophylactic mucolytics, postoperative continuous positive airway pressure ventilation, lung protective intraoperative ventilation, prophylactic respiratory physiotherapy, epidural... analgesia, and goal directed hemodynamic therapy as evidence-based interventions to reduce the incidence of PRF. Yet, progress in reducing the incidence of PRF has been stymied by lack of consensus regarding the definition of PRF, which patients are most at-risk, which risk factors are potentially modifiable, and which patients are more likely to benefit from targeted interventions of a health care system’s limited resources. This measure would address this gap in data. Relevant clinical guidelines for preventing postoperative respiratory failure can be found in the following: - Mohanty, et al. Optimal Perioperative Management of the Geriatric Patient: Best Practices Guideline from ACS NSQIP/AGS, 2016 - Piraino, et al. AARC Clinical Practice Guideline: Management of Adult Patients with Oxygen in the Acute Care Setting, 2022 Show more > Recent studies and current clinical practice guidelines for PRF have identified enhanced recovery pathways, prophylactic mucolytics, postoperative continuous positive airway pressure ventilation, lung protective intraoperative ventilation, prophylactic respiratory physiotherapy, epidural analgesia, and goal directed hemodynamic therapy as evidence-based interventions to reduce the incidence of PRF. Yet, progress in reducing the incidence of PRF has been stymied by lack of consensus regarding the definition of PRF, which patients are most at-risk, which risk factors are potentially modifiable, and which patients are more likely to benefit from targeted interventions of a health care system’s limited resources. This measure would address this gap in data. Relevant clinical guidelines for preventing postoperative respiratory failure can be found in the following: - Mohanty, et al. Optimal Perioperative Management of the Geriatric Patient: Best Practices Guideline from ACS NSQIP/AGS, 2016 - Piraino, et al. AARC Clinical Practice Guideline: Management of Adult Patients with Oxygen in the Acute Care Setting, 2022 Show less
Improvement Notation	Decreased score indicates improvement
Definition	Inpatient hospitalizations: Includes time in outpatient surgery service or observation when the transition between these encounters (if they exist) and the inpatient encounter are within an hour or less of each other. "Elective Inpatient Encounter" value set intends to capture all... scheduled hospitalizations and excludes emergency, urgent, and unplanned admissions. Elective surgical procedures: Elective is modeled by specifying an elective inpatient admission encounter type with an encounter class of ‘elective’. Surgical procedure is referred to as an "Operating Room (OR) procedure" or "procedure" and is modeled by the use of anesthesia during the encounter. These combined concepts determine a qualifying elective surgical procedure occurred. The ‘First’ OR procedure of the encounter is captured by an administration of general or neuraxial anesthesia, typically only given and monitored within an operating room environment. These anesthesia concepts are included in the ‘General or Neuraxial Anesthesia’ value set. All other subsequent procedures are captured by an administration of general, neuraxial, regional anesthesia and conscious sedation that requires monitored anesthesia care (MAC) regardless of procedural area location. These anesthesia concepts are included in the "Anesthesia Requiring Monitored Care" value set. Procedural area locations include operating rooms, endoscopy, cardiac catheterization and interventional radiology suites. Procedural area locations are also defined by areas where there is an administration of general, neuraxial, regional anesthesia or conscious sedation that requires MAC. Non-invasive oxygen therapy refers to patients on room air, nasal cannula, face masks, or continuous or intermittent positive airway pressure devices. Show more > Inpatient hospitalizations: Includes time in outpatient surgery service or observation when the transition between these encounters (if they exist) and the inpatient encounter are within an hour or less of each other. "Elective Inpatient Encounter" value set intends to capture all scheduled hospitalizations and excludes emergency, urgent, and unplanned admissions. Elective surgical procedures: Elective is modeled by specifying an elective inpatient admission encounter type with an encounter class of ‘elective’. Surgical procedure is referred to as an "Operating Room (OR) procedure" or "procedure" and is modeled by the use of anesthesia during the encounter. These combined concepts determine a qualifying elective surgical procedure occurred. The ‘First’ OR procedure of the encounter is captured by an administration of general or neuraxial anesthesia, typically only given and monitored within an operating room environment. These anesthesia concepts are included in the ‘General or Neuraxial Anesthesia’ value set. All other subsequent procedures are captured by an administration of general, neuraxial, regional anesthesia and conscious sedation that requires monitored anesthesia care (MAC) regardless of procedural area location. These anesthesia concepts are included in the "Anesthesia Requiring Monitored Care" value set. Procedural area locations include operating rooms, endoscopy, cardiac catheterization and interventional radiology suites. Procedural area locations are also defined by areas where there is an administration of general, neuraxial, regional anesthesia or conscious sedation that requires MAC. Non-invasive oxygen therapy refers to patients on room air, nasal cannula, face masks, or continuous or intermittent positive airway pressure devices. Show less
Guidance	PRF is evaluated using mechanical ventilation (MV) documentation or intubation and extubation documentation to allow for hospital documentation variances. Therefore, if MV documentation is not available, intubation and extubation can serve as a proxy for determining if MV occurred and... its duration. To determine that an unplanned initiation of MV occurred, the logic looks for evidence of a non-invasive oxygen therapy assessment such as oxygen via 'nasal canula' or 'breathing room air' prior to the MV occurrence to verify that MV was newly initiated. Additionally, facility location codes are used to determine if MV was initiated outside of a procedural area (e.g., medical floor). Conversely, to determine MV duration, the logic looks for evidence that a non-invasive oxygen therapy assessment or another operating room procedure does not exist prior to the MV occurrence to verify that MV was continued without interruption from a procedural area. This eCQM is an episode-based measure. An episode is defined as each inpatient hospitalization or encounter that ends during the measurement period. This version of the eCQM uses QDM version 5.6. Please refer to the QDM page for more information on the QDM. Show more > PRF is evaluated using mechanical ventilation (MV) documentation or intubation and extubation documentation to allow for hospital documentation variances. Therefore, if MV documentation is not available, intubation and extubation can serve as a proxy for determining if MV occurred and its duration. To determine that an unplanned initiation of MV occurred, the logic looks for evidence of a non-invasive oxygen therapy assessment such as oxygen via 'nasal canula' or 'breathing room air' prior to the MV occurrence to verify that MV was newly initiated. Additionally, facility location codes are used to determine if MV was initiated outside of a procedural area (e.g., medical floor). Conversely, to determine MV duration, the logic looks for evidence that a non-invasive oxygen therapy assessment or another operating room procedure does not exist prior to the MV occurrence to verify that MV was continued without interruption from a procedural area. This eCQM is an episode-based measure. An episode is defined as each inpatient hospitalization or encounter that ends during the measurement period. This version of the eCQM uses QDM version 5.6. Please refer to the QDM page for more information on the QDM. Show less
Initial Population	Elective inpatient hospitalizations with no preceding emergency department visit that end during the measurement period for patients aged 18 and older without an obstetrical condition and at least one surgical procedure was performed within the first 3 days of the encounter ... Show more > Elective inpatient hospitalizations with no preceding emergency department visit that end during the measurement period for patients aged 18 and older without an obstetrical condition and at least one surgical procedure was performed within the first 3 days of the encounter Show less
Denominator	Equals Initial Population
Denominator Exclusions	Inpatient hospitalizations for patients: With a diagnosis for a degenerative neurological disorder With any selected head, neck, and thoracic surgery involving significant risk of airway compromise or requiring airway protection Who have mechanical ventilation that starts more than one hour... prior to the start of the first operating room (OR) procedure With a diagnosis for a neuromuscular disorder With arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2)>50 mmHg combined with an arterial pH<7.30 within 48 hours or less prior to the start of the first OR procedure With arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2)<50 mmHg within 48 hours or less prior to the start of the first OR procedure With a principal diagnosis for acute respiratory failure With a diagnosis for acute respiratory failure present on admission With any diagnosis present on admission for the existence of a tracheostomy Where a tracheostomy is performed before or on the same day as the first OR procedure Show more > Inpatient hospitalizations for patients: With a diagnosis for a degenerative neurological disorder With any selected head, neck, and thoracic surgery involving significant risk of airway compromise or requiring airway protection Who have mechanical ventilation that starts more than one hour prior to the start of the first operating room (OR) procedure With a diagnosis for a neuromuscular disorder With arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2)>50 mmHg combined with an arterial pH<7.30 within 48 hours or less prior to the start of the first OR procedure With arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2)<50 mmHg within 48 hours or less prior to the start of the first OR procedure With a principal diagnosis for acute respiratory failure With a diagnosis for acute respiratory failure present on admission With any diagnosis present on admission for the existence of a tracheostomy Where a tracheostomy is performed before or on the same day as the first OR procedure Show less
Numerator	Elective inpatient hospitalizations for patients with postoperative respiratory failure as evidenced by any of the following: Criterion A: Mechanical ventilation (MV) initiated within 30 days after first OR procedure, as evidenced by: A.1. Intubation that occurs outside of a procedural... area and within 30 days after the end of the first OR procedure of the encounter. or A.2. MV that occurs outside of a procedural area within 30 days after the end of the first OR procedure of the encounter and is preceded by a period of non-invasive oxygen therapy between the end of the OR procedure and the MV occurrence, and without a subsequent OR procedure between the non-invasive oxygen therapy and the MV occurrence. or Criterion B: MV with a duration of more than 48 hours after the first OR procedure, as evidenced by: B.1. Extubation that occurs outside of a procedural area more than 48 hours after the end of an OR procedure and within 30 days after the end of the first OR procedure, and is not preceded by a period of non-invasive oxygen therapy or a subsequent OR procedure between the end of the OR procedure and the extubation occurrence. or B.2 Mechanical ventilation that occurs between 48 and 72 hours after the end of an OR procedure and within 30 days after the end of the first OR procedure, and is not preceded by a non-invasive oxygen therapy or a subsequent OR procedure between the end of the OR procedure and the MV occurrence.  Show more > Elective inpatient hospitalizations for patients with postoperative respiratory failure as evidenced by any of the following: Criterion A: Mechanical ventilation (MV) initiated within 30 days after first OR procedure, as evidenced by: A.1. Intubation that occurs outside of a procedural area and within 30 days after the end of the first OR procedure of the encounter. or A.2. MV that occurs outside of a procedural area within 30 days after the end of the first OR procedure of the encounter and is preceded by a period of non-invasive oxygen therapy between the end of the OR procedure and the MV occurrence, and without a subsequent OR procedure between the non-invasive oxygen therapy and the MV occurrence. or Criterion B: MV with a duration of more than 48 hours after the first OR procedure, as evidenced by: B.1. Extubation that occurs outside of a procedural area more than 48 hours after the end of an OR procedure and within 30 days after the end of the first OR procedure, and is not preceded by a period of non-invasive oxygen therapy or a subsequent OR procedure between the end of the OR procedure and the extubation occurrence. or B.2 Mechanical ventilation that occurs between 48 and 72 hours after the end of an OR procedure and within 30 days after the end of the first OR procedure, and is not preceded by a non-invasive oxygen therapy or a subsequent OR procedure between the end of the OR procedure and the MV occurrence.  Show less
Numerator Exclusions	None
Denominator Exceptions	None
Next Version	No Version Available
Previous Version	No Version Available

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General eCQM Information

Specifications

This is a risk adjusted measure. Risk Adjustment Summary Report: Hospital Harm – Postoperative Respiratory Failure

Additional Resources for CMS1218v2

General eCQM Information

CMS1218-v2.3.000-TRN.xlsx

Header

TRN	Measure Section	Source of Change
Updated 'eCQM Identifier (Measure Authoring Tool)' field to 'CMS ID' based on tooling update.	CMS ID	Standards/Technical Update
Updated the eCQM version number.	eCQM Version Number	Annual Update
Updated measurement period to reflect exact dates of reporting.	Measurement Period	Standards/Technical Update
Changed measure developer from American Institutes for Research (AIR) to Mathematica.	Measure Developer	Measure Lead
Updated copyright.	Copyright	Annual Update
Updated disclaimer.	Disclaimer	Annual Update
Updated Improvement Notation field to read 'Decreased score indicates improvement' based on tooling update to promote alignment across measures.	Improvement Notation	Standards/Technical Update
Modified the Denominator Exclusion statement for patients with a diagnosis for acute respiratory failure present on admission to identify any diagnosis, rather than only a secondary diagnosis, based on feedback from measure implementers and to better align with measure intent.	Denominator Exclusions	ONC Project Tracking System (JIRA): CQM-7128
Updated Numerator Exclusions field to read 'None' instead of 'Not Applicable' when no exclusions present to promote alignment across header fields.	Numerator Exclusions	Standards/Technical Update
Updated grammar, wording, and/or formatting to improve readability and consistency.	Multiple Sections	Annual Update
Updated references and measure header to reflect current evidence and new or updated literature.	Multiple Sections	Measure Lead

Logic

TRN	Measure Section	Source of Change
Modified the Denominator Exclusion for patients with a diagnosis for acute respiratory failure present on admission to identify any diagnosis, rather than only a secondary diagnosis, based on feedback from measure implementers and to better align with measure intent.	Denominator Exclusions	ONC Project Tracking System (JIRA): CQM-7128
Updated the version number of the Global Shared Library to v9.0.000 and the library name from 'MATGlobalCommonFunctionsQDM' to 'CQMCommonQDM'.	Definitions	Annual Update
Updated the CQL library name from 'CMS1218-v1-0-000-QDM-5-6.cql' to 'CMS1218HHRF-2.3.000.cql' based on recommendation by technical experts.	Definitions	Standards/Technical Update
Modified the Denominator Exclusion for patients with a diagnosis for acute respiratory failure present on admission to identify any diagnosis, rather than only a secondary diagnosis, based on feedback from measure implementers and to better align with measure intent.	Definitions	ONC Project Tracking System (JIRA): CQM-7128
Updated the 'Encounter with Extubation Outside of Procedural Area within 30 Days of End of First OR Procedure More Than 48 Hours After End of Anesthesia' definition to identify extubation that starts outside the procedural area to better align with the measure's Numerator narrative and with measure intent.	Definitions	Measure Lead
Corrected the blood pH results units from mm[Hg] to [pH] in the 'Encounter with PaCO2 Greater Than 50 and Arterial pH Less Than 7.30 within 48 Hours Prior to Start of First OR Procedure' definition, resolving a known issue with the measure.	Definitions	Measure Lead
Updated the version number of the Global Shared Library to v9.0.000 and the library name from 'MATGlobalCommonFunctionsQDM' to 'CQMCommonQDM'.	Functions	Annual Update

Value Set

The VSAC is the source of truth for the value set content, please visit the VSAC for downloads of current value sets.

TRN	Measure Section	Source of Change
Replaced value set used for Sex Supplemental Data Element (SDE) ONC Administrative Sex (2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1) with value set Federal Administrative Sex (2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1021.121) based on updated standards.	Terminology	Standards/Technical Update
Value set Bilirubin lab test (2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1248.223): Deleted 1 LOINC code (35194-0) based on terminology update.	Terminology	Annual Update
Value set Blood urea nitrogen lab test (2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1248.218): Deleted 1 LOINC code (35234-4) based on terminology update.	Terminology	Annual Update
Value set Creatinine Lab Test (2.16.840.1.113883.3.666.5.2363): Added 1 LOINC code (101475-2) based on new or changed coding guidelines. Deleted 1 LOINC code (35203-9) based on new or changed coding guidelines.	Terminology	Annual Update
Value set Head, Neck, and Thoracic Surgeries with High Risk Airway Compromise (2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1248.251): Added 12 SNOMED CT codes (1303763001, 1303805000, 1287750007, 1287753009, 1290136005, 1287756001, 1287758000, 1287752004, 1287754003, 1290137001, 1287755002, 1287757005) based on terminology update. Deleted 10 SNOMED CT codes (177406007, 177408008, 177414001, 177484007, 177536000, 265661005, 440110006, 697984004, 8430005, 8646008) based on terminology update.	Terminology	Annual Update
Value set Hematocrit Lab Test (2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1045.114): Added 1 LOINC code (104826-3) based on terminology update.	Terminology	Annual Update
Value set Hemoglobin lab test (2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1248.219): Deleted 1 LOINC code (35183-3) based on terminology update.	Terminology	Annual Update
Added value set Major Surgical Procedure (2.16.840.1.113883.3.3157.4056) based on review by technical experts, SMEs, and/or public feedback.	Terminology	Measure Lead
Value set Obstetrical or Pregnancy Related Conditions (2.16.840.1.113883.3.117.1.7.1.263): Added 9 SNOMED CT codes (10755381000119108, 1258895002, 1287713006, 156222001, 16316801000119102, 199248002, 270500004, 7870007, 95121000119108) based on terminology update. Deleted 10 SNOMED CT codes (10812081000119108, 198878009, 199205008, 199870008, 199881006, 199890004, 199901007, 200051005, 63662002, 86196005) based on terminology update.	Terminology	Annual Update

Last Updated: May 06, 2025

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Hospital Harm - Postoperative Respiratory Failure

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