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Anticoagulation Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation or Flutter

Compare Versions of: "Anticoagulation Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation or Flutter"

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Table Options
Measure Information 2022 Reporting Period 2023 Reporting Period 2024 Reporting Period 2025 Reporting Period
Title Anticoagulation Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation or Flutter Anticoagulation Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation or Flutter Anticoagulation Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation or Flutter Anticoagulation Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation/Flutter
CMS eCQM ID CMS71v11 CMS71v12 CMS71v13 CMS71v14
Short Name

STK-3

STK-3

STK-3

STK-3

CBE ID* Not Applicable Not Applicable Not Applicable Not Applicable
Measure Steward The Joint Commission The Joint Commission The Joint Commission The Joint Commission
Description

Ischemic stroke patients with atrial fibrillation/flutter who are prescribed or continuing to take anticoagulation therapy at hospital discharge

Ischemic stroke patients with atrial fibrillation/flutter who are prescribed or continuing to take anticoagulation therapy at hospital discharge

Ischemic stroke patients with atrial fibrillation/flutter who are prescribed or continuing to take anticoagulation therapy at hospital discharge

Ischemic stroke patients with atrial fibrillation/flutter who are prescribed or continuing to take anticoagulation therapy at hospital discharge

Measure Scoring Proportion measure Proportion measure Proportion measure Proportion measure
Measure Type Process Process Process Process
Stratification *See CMS71v11.html *See CMS71v12.html

None

None

Risk Adjustment *See CMS71v11.html *See CMS71v12.html

None

None

Rationale *See CMS71v11.html *See CMS71v12.html

Nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) is a common arrhythmia and an important risk factor for stroke. It is one of several conditions and lifestyle factors that have been identified as risk factors for stroke. It has been estimated that over 2 million adults in the United States have NVAF. While the median age of patients with atrial fibrillation is 75 years, the incidence increases with advancing age. For example, The Framingham Heart Study noted a dramatic increase in stroke risk associated with atrial fibrillation with advancing age, from one and a half percent for those 50 to 59 years of age to 23.5% for those 80 to 89 years of age. Furthermore, a prior stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) are among a limited number of predictors of high stroke risk within the population of patients with atrial fibrillation. Therefore, much emphasis has been placed on identifying methods for preventing recurrent ischemic stroke as well as preventing first stroke. Prevention strategies focus on the modifiable risk factors such as hypertension, smoking, and atrial fibrillation. Analysis of five placebo-controlled clinical trials investigating the efficacy of warfarin in the primary prevention of thromboembolic stroke, found the relative risk of thromboembolic stroke was reduced by 68% for atrial fibrillation patients treated with warfarin. The administration of anticoagulation therapy, unless there are contraindications, is an established effective strategy in preventing recurrent stroke in high stroke risk-atrial fibrillation patients with TIA or prior stroke.

Nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) is a common arrhythmia and an important risk factor for stroke. It is one of several conditions and lifestyle factors that have been identified as risk factors for stroke. It has been estimated that over 2 million adults in the United States have NVAF. While the median age of patients with atrial fibrillation is 75 years, the incidence increases with advancing age. For example, The Framingham Heart Study noted a dramatic increase in stroke risk associated with atrial fibrillation with advancing age, from 1.5% for those 50 to 59 years of age to 23.5% for those 80 to 89 years of age. Furthermore, a prior stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) are among a limited number of predictors of high stroke risk within the population of patients with atrial fibrillation. Therefore, much emphasis has been placed on identifying methods for preventing recurrent ischemic stroke as well as preventing first stroke. Prevention strategies focus on the modifiable risk factors such as hypertension, smoking, and atrial fibrillation. Analysis of five placebo-controlled clinical trials investigating the efficacy of warfarin in the primary prevention of thromboembolic stroke, found the relative risk of thromboembolic stroke was reduced by 68% for atrial fibrillation patients treated with warfarin. The administration of anticoagulation therapy, unless there are contraindications, is an established effective strategy in preventing recurrent stroke in high stroke risk-atrial fibrillation patients with TIA or prior stroke.

Clinical Recommendation Statement *See CMS71v11.html *See CMS71v12.html

The administration of anticoagulation therapy, unless there are contraindications, is an established effective strategy in preventing recurrent stroke in high stroke risk atrial fibrillation patients with TIA or prior stroke

The administration of anticoagulation therapy, unless there are contraindications, is an established effective strategy in preventing recurrent stroke in high stroke risk atrial fibrillation patients with TIA or prior stroke

Improvement Notation

Improvement noted as an increase in rate

Improvement noted as an increase in rate

Improvement noted as an increase in rate

Improvement noted as an increase in rate

Definition *See CMS71v11.html *See CMS71v12.html

None

None

Guidance

The "Non-elective Inpatient Encounter" value set intends to capture all non-scheduled hospitalizations. This value set is a subset of the "Inpatient Encounter" value set, excluding concepts that specifically refer to elective hospital admissions. Non-elective Inpatient Encounters include emergency, urgent, and unplanned admissions.

The "Medication, Discharge" datatype refers to the discharge medication list and is intended to express medications ordered for post-discharge use.

This eCQM is an episode-based measure. An episode is defined as each inpatient hospitalization or encounter that ends during the measurement period.

This version of the eCQM uses QDM version 5.5. Please refer to the eCQI resource center  for more information on the QDM.

The "Non-elective Inpatient Encounter" value set intends to capture all non-scheduled hospitalizations. This value set is a subset of the "Inpatient Encounter" value set, excluding concepts that specifically refer to elective hospital admissions. Non-elective Inpatient Encounters include emergency, urgent, and unplanned admissions.

The "Medication, Discharge" datatype refers to the discharge medication list and is intended to express medications ordered for post-discharge use.

The denominator population includes patients with inpatient hospitalizations and patients from Acute Hospital Care at Home programs, who are treated and billed as inpatients but receive care in their home.

This eCQM is an episode-based measure. An episode is defined as each inpatient hospitalization or encounter that ends during the measurement period.

This version of the eCQM uses QDM version 5.6. Please refer to the QDM page for more information on the QDM.

The "Nonelective Inpatient Encounter" value set intends to capture all non-scheduled hospitalizations. This value set is a subset of the "Inpatient Encounter" value set, excluding concepts that specifically refer to elective hospital admissions. Non-elective Inpatient Encounters include emergency, urgent, and unplanned admissions.

The "Medication, Discharge" datatype refers to the discharge medication list and is intended to express medications ordered for post-discharge use.

The denominator population includes patients with inpatient hospitalizations and patients from Acute Hospital Care at Home programs, who are treated and billed as inpatients but receive care in their home.

This eCQM is an episode-based measure. An episode is defined as each inpatient hospitalization or encounter that ends during the measurement period.

This version of the eCQM uses QDM version 5.6. Please refer to the QDM page for more information on the QDM.

The "Nonelective Inpatient Encounter" value set intends to capture all non-scheduled hospitalizations. This value set is a subset of the "Inpatient Encounter" value set, excluding concepts that specifically refer to elective hospital admissions. Non-elective Inpatient Encounters include emergency, urgent, and unplanned admissions.

The "Medication, Discharge" datatype refers to the discharge medication list and is intended to express medications ordered for post-discharge use.

The denominator population includes patients with inpatient hospitalizations and patients from Acute Hospital Care at Home programs, who are treated and billed as inpatients but receive care in their home.

This eCQM is an episode-based measure. An episode is defined as each inpatient hospitalization or encounter that ends during the measurement period.

This version of the eCQM uses QDM version 5.6. Please refer to the QDM page for more information on the QDM.

Initial Population

Inpatient hospitalizations for patients age 18 and older, discharged from inpatient care (non-elective admissions) with a principal diagnosis of ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke and a length of stay less than or equal to 120 days that ends during measurement period

Inpatient hospitalizations for patients age 18 and older, discharged from inpatient care (non-elective admissions) with a principal diagnosis of ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke and a length of stay less than or equal to 120 days that ends during measurement period

Inpatient hospitalizations for patients age 18 and older, discharged from inpatient care (non-elective admissions) with a principal diagnosis of ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke and a length of stay less than or equal to 120 days that ends during measurement period

Inpatient hospitalizations (non-elective admissions) for patients age 18 and older, discharged from inpatient care with a principal diagnosis of ischemic stroke, ending during the measurement period

Denominator

Inpatient hospitalizations for patients with a principal diagnosis of ischemic stroke, and a history of atrial ablation, or current or history of atrial fibrillation/flutter

Inpatient hospitalizations for patients with a principal diagnosis of ischemic stroke, and a history of atrial ablation, or current or history of atrial fibrillation/flutter

Inpatient hospitalizations for patients with a principal diagnosis of ischemic stroke, and a history of atrial ablation, or current or history of atrial fibrillation/flutter

Inpatient hospitalizations for patients with a principal diagnosis of ischemic stroke, and a history of atrial ablation, or current or history of atrial fibrillation/flutter

Denominator Exclusions

Inpatient hospitalizations for patients admitted for elective carotid intervention. This exclusion is implicitly modeled by only including non-elective hospitalizations

Inpatient hospitalizations for patients discharged to another hospital

Inpatient hospitalizations for patients who left against medical advice

Inpatient hospitalizations for patients who expired

Inpatient hospitalizations for patients discharged to home for hospice care

Inpatient hospitalizations for patients discharged to a health care facility for hospice care

Inpatient hospitalizations for patients with comfort measures documented

* Inpatient hospitalizations for patients admitted for elective carotid intervention. This exclusion is implicitly modeled by only including non-elective hospitalizations.

* Inpatient hospitalizations for patients discharged to another hospital

* Inpatient hospitalizations for patients who left against medical advice

* Inpatient hospitalizations for patients who expired

* Inpatient hospitalizations for patients discharged to home for hospice care

* Inpatient hospitalizations for patients discharged to a health care facility for hospice care

* Inpatient hospitalizations for patients with comfort measures documented

- Inpatient hospitalizations for patients admitted for elective carotid intervention. This exclusion is implicitly modeled by only including non-elective hospitalizations.

- Inpatient hospitalizations for patients discharged to another hospital

- Inpatient hospitalizations for patients who left against medical advice

- Inpatient hospitalizations for patients who expired

- Inpatient hospitalizations for patients discharged to home for hospice care

- Inpatient hospitalizations for patients discharged to a health care facility for hospice care

- Inpatient hospitalizations for patients with comfort measures documented

- Inpatient hospitalizations for patients admitted for elective carotid intervention. This exclusion is implicitly modeled by only including non-elective hospitalizations.

- Inpatient hospitalizations for patients discharged to another hospital

- Inpatient hospitalizations for patients who left against medical advice

- Inpatient hospitalizations for patients who expired

- Inpatient hospitalizations for patients discharged to home for hospice care

- Inpatient hospitalizations for patients discharged to a health care facility for hospice care

- Inpatient hospitalizations for patients with comfort measures documented

Numerator

Inpatient hospitalizations for patients prescribed or continuing to take anticoagulation therapy at hospital discharge

Inpatient hospitalizations for patients prescribed or continuing to take anticoagulation therapy at hospital discharge

Inpatient hospitalizations for patients prescribed or continuing to take anticoagulation therapy at hospital discharge

Inpatient hospitalizations for patients prescribed or continuing to take anticoagulation therapy at hospital discharge

Numerator Exclusions

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

Denominator Exceptions

Inpatient hospitalizations for patients with a documented reason for not prescribing anticoagulation therapy at discharge

Inpatient hospitalizations for patients with a documented reason for not prescribing anticoagulation therapy at discharge

Inpatient hospitalizations for patients with a documented reason for not prescribing anticoagulation therapy at discharge

Inpatient hospitalizations for patients with a documented reason for not prescribing anticoagulation therapy at discharge

Next Version No Version Available
Previous Version No Version Available

Header

  • Updated grammar, wording, and/or formatting to improve readability and consistency.

    Measure Section: Description

    Source of Change: Annual Update

  • Updated copyright.

    Measure Section: Copyright

    Source of Change: Annual Update

  • Replaced asterisks with bullets to align with style guide.

    Measure Section: Denominator Exclusions

    Source of Change: Standards/Technical Update

Logic

  • Added value set 'History of Atrial Ablation' to provide additional approaches for identifying history of atrial ablation.

    Measure Section: Denominator

    Source of Change: Measure Lead

  • Removed definition 'Anticoagulant Therapy at Discharge' and replaced it with inline reference to QDM datatype 'Medication, Discharge' to improve readability.

    Measure Section: Numerator

    Source of Change: Measure Lead

  • Renamed definition from 'Reason for Not Giving Anticoagulant at Discharge' to 'Documented Reason for Not Giving Anticoagulant at Discharge' based on recommendation from clinical experts.

    Measure Section: Denominator Exceptions

    Source of Change: Measure Lead

  • Updated the version number of the TJC Overall Library to v7.1.000.

    Measure Section: Definitions

    Source of Change: Annual Update

  • Updated the names of CQL definitions, functions, and/or aliases for clarification and to align with the CQL Style Guide.

    Measure Section: Definitions

    Source of Change: Standards/Technical Update

  • Combined two definitions, 'Encounter with a history of Atrial Fibrillation or Flutter' and 'Encounter with Current Diagnosis Code of Atrial Fibrillation or Flutter', and renamed to 'Encounter with Prior or Present Diagnosis of Atrial Fibrillation or Flutter' align with logic intent.

    Measure Section: Definitions

    Source of Change: Measure Lead

  • Added Global functions EarliestOf, Earliest and HasStart in new history of atrial ablation logic.

    Measure Section: Functions

    Source of Change: Measure Lead

  • Updated the version number of the TJC Overall Library to v7.1.000.

    Measure Section: Functions

    Source of Change: Annual Update

  • Added QDM datatypes 'Assessment, Performed' and 'Diagnosis' for new value set 'History of Atrial Ablation' to provide additional approaches for identifying patients with a history of atrial ablation to reduce burden.

    Measure Section: Multiple Sections

    Source of Change: Measure Lead

Value Set

The VSAC is the source of truth for the value set content, please visit the VSAC for downloads of current value sets.

  • Value set Anticoagulant Therapy (2.16.840.1.113883.3.117.1.7.1.200): Added 7 RxNorm codes (2590616, 2590620, 2590623, 2590627, 2590631, 2590635, 2618839) based on terminology update.

    Measure Section: Terminology

    Source of Change: Annual Update

  • Value set Atrial Fibrillation or Flutter (2.16.840.1.113883.3.117.1.7.1.202): Added 2 SNOMED CT codes (312442005, 428076002) based on review by technical experts, SMEs, and/or public feedback.

    Measure Section: Terminology

    Source of Change: Measure Lead

  • Added value set History of Atrial Ablation (2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1110.76) based on review by technical experts, SMEs, and/or public feedback.

    Measure Section: Terminology

    Source of Change: Measure Lead

  • Value set (2.16.840.1.113883.3.117.1.7.1.473): Renamed to Medical Reason For Not Providing Treatment based on recommended value set naming conventions.

    Measure Section: Terminology

    Source of Change: Annual Update

  • Value set Patient Refusal (2.16.840.1.113883.3.117.1.7.1.93): Added 2 SNOMED CT codes (1162745003, 895451009) based on terminology update. Deleted 5 SNOMED CT codes (183944003, 413312003, 183947005, 371138003, 609589008) based on terminology update.

    Measure Section: Terminology

    Source of Change: Annual Update

  • Value set Payer (2.16.840.1.114222.4.11.3591): Added 5 SOP codes (1111, 1112, 142, 344, 141) based on review by technical experts, SMEs, and/or public feedback.

    Measure Section: Terminology

    Source of Change: Measure Lead

Last Updated: Jun 03, 2024