Appropriate Treatment for Upper Respiratory Infection (URI)
Compare Versions of: "Appropriate Treatment for Upper Respiratory Infection (URI)"
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| Measure Information | 2022 Performance Period | 2023 Performance Period | 2024 Performance Period | 2025 Performance Period |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Title | Appropriate Treatment for Upper Respiratory Infection (URI) | Appropriate Treatment for Upper Respiratory Infection (URI) | Appropriate Treatment for Upper Respiratory Infection (URI) | Appropriate Treatment for Upper Respiratory Infection (URI) |
| CMS eCQM ID | CMS154v10 | CMS154v11 | CMS154v12 | CMS154v13 |
| CBE ID | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable |
| MIPS Quality ID | 065 | 065 | 065 | 065 |
| Measure Steward | National Committee for Quality Assurance | National Committee for Quality Assurance | National Committee for Quality Assurance | National Committee for Quality Assurance |
| Description |
Percentage of episodes for patients 3 months of age and older with a diagnosis of upper respiratory infection (URI) that did not result in an antibiotic dispensing event. |
Percentage of episodes for patients 3 months of age and older with a diagnosis of upper respiratory infection (URI) that did not result in an antibiotic order |
Percentage of episodes for patients 3 months of age and older with a diagnosis of upper respiratory infection (URI) that did not result in an antibiotic order |
Percentage of episodes for patients 3 months of age and older with a diagnosis of upper respiratory infection (URI) that did not result in an antibiotic order |
| Measure Scoring | Proportion measure | Proportion measure | Proportion measure | Proportion measure |
| Measure Type | Process | Process | Process | Process |
| Stratification | *See CMS154v10.html | *See CMS154v11.html |
- 3 months-17 years - 18-64 years - 65 years and older |
- 3 months-17 years - 18-64 years - 65 years and older |
| Risk Adjustment | *See CMS154v10.html | *See CMS154v11.html |
None |
None |
| Rationale | *See CMS154v10.html | *See CMS154v11.html |
Most URI, also known as the common cold, are caused by viruses that require no antibiotic treatment. Too often, antibiotics are prescribed inappropriately, which can lead to antibiotic resistance (when antibiotics can no longer cure bacterial infections). In the United States, at least 2.8 million antibiotic-resistant illnesses and 35,000 deaths occur each year (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2020). |
Most URI, also known as the common cold, are caused by viruses that require no antibiotic treatment. Too often, antibiotics are prescribed inappropriately, which can lead to antibiotic resistance (when antibiotics can no longer cure bacterial infections). In the United States, at least 2.8 million antibiotic-resistant illnesses and 35,000 deaths occur each year (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2020). |
| Clinical Recommendation Statement | *See CMS154v10.html | *See CMS154v11.html |
American Family Physician (Fashner, Ericson, and Werner, 2012) - Antibiotics should not be used for the treatment of cold symptoms in children or adults. (A) - Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs reduce pain secondary to upper respiratory tract infection in adults. (A) - Decongestants, antihistamine/decongestant combinations, and intranasal ipratropium (Atrovent) may improve cold symptoms in adults. (B) Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement (Short, et al., 2017) The ICSI work group does not recommend antibiotics for treatment of common cold symptoms in children and adults. |
American Family Physician (Fashner, Ericson, & Werner, 2012) - Antibiotics should not be used for the treatment of cold symptoms in children or adults. (A) - Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs reduce pain secondary to upper respiratory tract infection in adults. (A) - Decongestants, antihistamine/decongestant combinations, and intranasal ipratropium (Atrovent) may improve cold symptoms in adults. (B) Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement (ICSI) (Short et al., 2017) The ICSI work group does not recommend antibiotics for treatment of common cold symptoms in children and adults. |
| Improvement Notation |
Higher score indicates better quality |
Higher score indicates better quality |
Higher score indicates better quality |
Higher score indicates better quality |
| Definition | *See CMS154v10.html | *See CMS154v11.html |
None |
None |
| Guidance |
This is an episode of care measure that examines all eligible episodes for the patient during the measurement period. This eCQM is an episode-based measure. An episode is defined as each eligible encounter for patients aged 3 months of age and older with a diagnosis of upper respiratory infection during the measurement period.
This version of the eCQM uses QDM version 5.5. Please refer to the eCQI resource center for more information on the QDM. |
This is an episode of care measure that examines all eligible episodes for the patient during the measurement period. This eCQM is an episode-based measure. An episode is defined as each eligible encounter for patients aged 3 months of age and older with a diagnosis of upper respiratory infection during the measurement period.
This version of the eCQM uses QDM version 5.6. Please refer to the QDM page for more information on the QDM. |
This is an episode of care measure that examines all eligible episodes for the patient. This eCQM is an episode-based measure. An episode is defined as each eligible encounter for patients aged 3 months of age and older with a diagnosis of upper respiratory infection from January 1 to December 28 of the measurement period.
This version of the eCQM uses QDM version 5.6. Please refer to the QDM page for more information on the QDM. |
This is an episode of care measure that examines all eligible episodes for the patient. This eCQM is an episode-based measure. An episode is defined as each eligible encounter for patients aged 3 months of age and older with a diagnosis of upper respiratory infection from January 1 to December 28 of the measurement period.
This version of the eCQM uses QDM version 5.6. Please refer to the QDM page for more information on the QDM. |
| Initial Population |
Outpatient visits, telephone visits, online assessments (i.e. e-visit or virtual check-in), observation stays or emergency department visits with a diagnosis of URI during the measurement period among patients 3 months of age and older. |
Outpatient visits, telephone visits, online assessments (i.e. e-visit or virtual check-in), observation stays or emergency department visits with a diagnosis of URI during the measurement period among patients 3 months of age and older |
Outpatient visits, telephone visits, online assessments (i.e., e-visit or virtual check-in), observation stays or emergency department visits with a diagnosis of URI from January 1 to December 28 of the measurement period for patients 3 months of age and older |
Outpatient visits, telephone visits, virtual encounter (i.e., e-visit or virtual check-in), or emergency department visits with a diagnosis of URI from January 1 to December 28 of the measurement period for patients 3 months of age and older |
| Denominator |
Equals Initial Population |
Equals Initial Population |
Equals Initial Population |
Equals Initial Population |
| Denominator Exclusions |
Exclude URI episodes when the patient had a comorbid condition during the 12 months prior to or on the episode date. Exclude URI episodes when the patient had an active prescription of antibiotics in the 30 days prior to the episode date, including the episode date up until the time of the encounter. Exclude URI episodes when the patient had competing diagnosis on or three days after the episode date. Exclude URI episodes when the patient had hospice care for any part of the measurement period. |
Exclude URI episodes when the patient had a comorbid condition during the 12 months prior to or on the episode date. Exclude URI episodes when the patient had an active prescription of antibiotics in the 30 days prior to the episode date but is still active the same day of the encounter. Exclude URI episodes when the patient had competing diagnosis on or three days after the episode date. Exclude URI episodes when the patient had hospice care for any part of the measurement period. |
Exclude URI episodes when the patient had hospice care for any part of the measurement period. Exclude URI episodes when the patient had a comorbid condition during the 12 months prior to or on the episode date. Exclude URI episodes where the patient is taking antibiotics in the 30 days prior to the episode date. Exclude URI episodes where the patient had competing diagnosis on or three days after the episode date. |
Exclude URI episodes when the patient had hospice care for any part of the measurement period. Exclude URI episodes when the patient had a comorbid condition during the 12 months prior to or on the episode date. Exclude URI episodes where the patient is taking antibiotics in the 30 days prior to the episode date. Exclude URI episodes where the patient had competing diagnosis on or three days after the episode date. |
| Numerator |
URI episodes without a prescription for antibiotic medication on or 3 days after the outpatient visit, telephone visit, online assessment, observation stay or emergency department visit for an upper respiratory infection |
URI episodes without a prescription for antibiotic medication on or 3 days after the outpatient visit, telephone visit, online assessment, observation stay or emergency department visit for an upper respiratory infection |
URI episodes without a prescription for antibiotic medication on or three days after the outpatient visit, telephone visit, online assessment, observation stay or emergency department visit for an upper respiratory infection |
URI episodes without a prescription for antibiotic medication on or three days after the outpatient visit, telephone visit, virtual encounter, or emergency department visit for an upper respiratory infection |
| Numerator Exclusions |
Not Applicable |
Not Applicable |
Not Applicable |
Not Applicable |
| Denominator Exceptions |
None |
None |
None |
None |
| Telehealth Eligible | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Next Version | No Version Available | |||
| Previous Version | No Version Available |
Header
Updated the eCQM version number.
Measure Section:
eCQM Version Number
Source of Change:
Annual Update
Changed all references from NQF to CBE to identify the consensus-based entity role.
Measure Section:
CBE Number
Source of Change:
Annual Update
Updated copyright.
Measure Section:
Copyright
Source of Change:
Annual Update
Removed language referencing the 'Observation' and 'Initial Hospital Observation Care' value sets, as they were removed due to obsolete codes.
Measure Section:
Initial Population
Source of Change:
Measure Lead
Updated the language from 'online assessment' to 'virtual encounter' to reflect updated value set name.
Measure Section:
Initial Population
Source of Change:
Measure Lead
Removed language referencing the 'Observation' and 'Initial Hospital Observation Care' value sets, as they were removed due to obsolete codes.
Measure Section:
Source of Change:
Measure Lead
Updated the language from 'online assessment' to 'virtual encounter' to reflect updated value set name.
Measure Section:
Numerator
Source of Change:
Measure Lead
Updated grammar, wording, and/or formatting to improve readability and consistency.
Measure Section:
Multiple Sections
Source of Change:
Annual Update
Logic
Updated the version number of the Hospice Library to v6.0.000 and the library name from 'Hospice' to 'HospiceQDM.'
Measure Section:
Definitions
Source of Change:
Annual Update
Updated the value set name for 'Online Assessments' to 'Virtual Encounter' for a more accurate description.
Measure Section:
Definitions
Source of Change:
Measure Lead
Updated the version number of the Measure Authoring Tool (MAT) Global Common Functions Library to v8.0.000 and the library name from 'MATGlobalCommonFunctions' to 'MATGlobalCommonFunctionsQDM.'
Measure Section:
Definitions
Source of Change:
Annual Update
Removed value sets 'Observation' and 'Initial Hospital Observation Care' from the definition 'Qualifying Encounters' due to obsolete codes.
Measure Section:
Definitions
Source of Change:
Measure Lead
Added 'Acute Pharyngitis' and 'Acute Tonsillitis' value sets to the competing diagnosis exclusion criteria to align with measure intent.
Measure Section:
Definitions
Source of Change:
ONC Project Tracking System (JIRA): CQM-6074
Renamed value set to 'Payer Type' to more accurately reflect the contents and intent of the value set.
Measure Section:
Definitions
Source of Change:
Standards/Technical Update
Updated the version number of the Measure Authoring Tool (MAT) Global Common Functions Library to v8.0.000 and the library name from 'MATGlobalCommonFunctions' to 'MATGlobalCommonFunctionsQDM.'
Measure Section:
Functions
Source of Change:
Annual Update
Value Set
The VSAC is the source of truth for the value set content, please visit the VSAC for downloads of current value sets.
Added value set Acute Pharyngitis (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.102.12.1011) based on change in measure requirements/measure specification.
Measure Section:
Terminology
Source of Change:
ONC Project Tracking System (JIRA): CQM-6074
Added value set Acute Tonsillitis (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.102.12.1012) based on change in measure requirements/measure specification.
Measure Section:
Terminology
Source of Change:
ONC Project Tracking System (JIRA): CQM-6074
Value set Antibiotic Medications for Upper Respiratory Infection (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.1190): Added 12 RxNorm codes based on review by technical experts, SMEs, and/or public feedback. Deleted 9 RxNorm codes (757460, 757464, 757466, 1870681, 1870685, 1870686, 242825, 310474, 310476) based on review by technical experts, SMEs, and/or public feedback.
Measure Section:
Terminology
Source of Change:
Measure Lead
Value set Competing Conditions for Respiratory Conditions (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.102.12.1017): Deleted 1 ICD-10-CM code (B60.0) based on review by technical experts, SMEs, and/or public feedback.
Measure Section:
Terminology
Source of Change:
Measure Lead
Value set Home Healthcare Services (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1016): Deleted 1 CPT code (99343) based on review by technical experts, SMEs, and/or public feedback.
Measure Section:
Terminology
Source of Change:
Measure Lead
Value set Hospice Care Ambulatory (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1584): Added 2 SNOMED CT codes (170935008, 170936009) based on review by technical experts, SMEs, and/or public feedback. Deleted 1 SNOMED CT code (385765002) based on review by technical experts, SMEs, and/or public feedback.
Measure Section:
Terminology
Source of Change:
Measure Lead
Removed value set Initial Hospital Observation Care (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1002) based on review by technical experts, SMEs, and/or public feedback.
Measure Section:
Terminology
Source of Change:
Measure Lead
Removed value set Observation (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1086) based on review by technical experts, SMEs, and/or public feedback.
Measure Section:
Terminology
Source of Change:
Measure Lead
Value set Office Visit (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1001): Deleted 2 SNOMED CT codes (30346009, 37894004) based on review by technical experts, SMEs, and/or public feedback. Deleted 1 CPT code (99201) based on review by technical experts, SMEs, and/or public feedback.
Measure Section:
Terminology
Source of Change:
Measure Lead
Value set Virtual Encounter (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1089): Deleted 2 CPT codes (98969, 99444) based on review by technical experts, SMEs, and/or public feedback. Deleted 3 HCPCS codes (G2061, G2062, G2063) based on review by technical experts, SMEs, and/or public feedback.
Measure Section:
Terminology
Source of Change:
Measure Lead
Value set Outpatient Consultation (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1008): Deleted 1 CPT code (99241) based on review by technical experts, SMEs, and/or public feedback.
Measure Section:
Terminology
Source of Change:
Measure Lead
Value set (2.16.840.1.114222.4.11.3591): Renamed to Payer Type based on recommended value set naming conventions.
Measure Section:
Terminology
Source of Change:
Annual Update
Value set (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1089): Renamed to Virtual Encounter based on recommended value set naming conventions.
Measure Section:
Terminology
Source of Change:
Annual Update