eCQM Title

Preventive Care and Screening: Influenza Immunization

eCQM Identifier (Measure Authoring Tool) 147 eCQM Version number 8.1.000
NQF Number 0041 GUID a244aa29-7d11-4616-888a-86e376bfcc6f
Measurement Period January 1, 20XX through December 31, 20XX
Measure Steward PCPI(R) Foundation (PCPI[R])
Measure Developer American Medical Association (AMA)
Measure Developer PCPI(R) Foundation (PCPI[R])
Endorsed By National Quality Forum
Description
Percentage of patients aged 6 months and older seen for a visit between October 1 and March 31 who received an influenza immunization OR who reported previous receipt of an influenza immunization
Copyright
Copyright 2018 PCPI(R) Foundation and American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
Disclaimer
The Measure is not a clinical guideline, does not establish a standard of medical care, and has not been tested for all potential applications. 

The Measure, while copyrighted, can be reproduced and distributed, without modification, for noncommercial purposes, eg, use by health care providers in connection with their practices. Commercial use is defined as the sale, license, or distribution of the Measure for commercial gain, or incorporation of the Measure into a product or service that is sold, licensed or distributed for commercial gain. 

Commercial uses of the Measure require a license agreement between the user and the PCPI(R) Foundation (PCPI[R]) or the American Medical Association (AMA). Neither the AMA, nor the former AMA-convened Physician Consortium for Performance Improvement(R) (AMA-PCPI), nor PCPI, nor their members shall be responsible for any use of the Measure.

AMA and PCPI encourage use of the Measure by other health care professionals, where appropriate.

THE MEASURE AND SPECIFICATIONS ARE PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND.

Limited proprietary coding is contained in the Measure specifications for convenience. Users of the proprietary code sets should obtain all necessary licenses from the owners of these code sets. The AMA, the PCPI and its members and former members of the AMA-PCPI disclaim all liability for use or accuracy of any Current Procedural Terminology (CPT[R]) or other coding contained in the specifications. 

CPT(R) contained in the Measure specifications is copyright 2004-2017 American Medical Association. LOINC(R) is copyright 2004-2017 Regenstrief Institute, Inc. This material contains SNOMED Clinical Terms(R) (SNOMED CT[R]) copyright 2004-2017 International Health Terminology Standards Development Organisation. ICD-10 is copyright 2017 World Health Organization. All Rights Reserved.

Due to technical limitations, registered trademarks are indicated by (R) or [R].
Measure Scoring Proportion
Measure Type Process
Stratification
None
Risk Adjustment
None
Rate Aggregation
None
Rationale
Influenza vaccination is the most effective protection against influenza virus infection (CDC, 2016). Influenza may lead to serious complications including hospitalization or death (CDC, 2016). Influenza vaccine is recommended for all persons aged >=6 months who do not have contraindications to vaccination. However, data indicate that less than half of all eligible individuals receive an influenza vaccination (CDC, 2015). This measure promotes annual influenza vaccination for all persons aged >= 6 months.
Clinical Recommendation Statement
Routine annual influenza vaccination is recommended for all persons aged >= 6 months who do not have contraindications. Optimally, vaccination should occur before onset of influenza activity in the community. Health care providers should offer vaccination by October, if possible. Vaccination should continue to be offered as long as influenza viruses are circulating. (CDC/Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), 2017)
Improvement Notation
Higher score indicates better quality
Reference
Seasonal Influenza: Flu Basics. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Web site.
http://www.cdc.gov/flu/about/disease/index.htm. Updated May 4, 2016. Accessed June 23, 2016.
Reference
Flu vaccination coverage: United States, 2014-15 Influenza Season. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Web site.
http://www.cdc.gov/flu/fluvaxview/coverage-1415estimates.htm. Updated September 17, 2015. Accessed June 23, 2016.
Reference
Grohskopf LA, Sokolow LZ, Broder KR, et al. Prevention and Control of Seasonal Influenza with Vaccines. MMWR Recomm Rep 2017;66(No. RR-2):1-20. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/rr/pdfs/rr6602.pdf. Accessed November 9, 2017.
Definition
Previous Receipt - receipt of the current season's influenza immunization from another provider OR from same provider prior to the visit to which the measure is applied (typically, prior vaccination would include influenza vaccine given since August 1st)
Guidance
The timeframe for the visit during the "Encounter, Performed": "Encounter-Influenza" or "Procedure, Performed": "Peritoneal Dialysis" or "Procedure, Performed": "Hemodialysis" in the Population Criteria-Denominator, refers to the influenza season defined by the measure: October through March (October 1 for the year prior to the start of the reporting period through March 31 during the reporting period). The "Encounter-Influenza" Grouping OID detailed in the data criteria section below is comprised of several individual OIDs of different encounter types. The individual OIDs are included in the value set and should be reviewed to determine that an applicable visit occurred during the timeframe for "Encounter, Performed": "Encounter-Influenza" as specified in the denominator.
  
To enable reporting of this measure at the close of the reporting period, this measure will only assess the influenza season that ends in March of the reporting period. The subsequent influenza season (ending March of the following year) will be measured and reported in the following year.

To account for the majority of reporting years' appropriate flu season duration, the measure logic will look at the first 89 days of the measurement period for the appropriate criteria and actions to be present/performed (January 1 through March 31). The measure developer believes it is best to keep the logic as static as possible from one reporting year to the next. Therefore, during leap years, only encounters that occur through March 30 will be counted in the denominator.

As a result of updated CDC/ACIP guidelines which include the interim recommendation that live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) should not be used due to low effectiveness against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in the United States during the 2013-14 and 2015-16 seasons, the measure specifications have been updated and no longer include LAIV or intranasal flu vaccine as an option for numerator eligibility.
Transmission Format
TBD
Initial Population
All patients aged 6 months and older seen for a visit during the measurement period
Denominator
Equals Initial Population and seen for a visit between October 1 and March 31
Denominator Exclusions
None
Numerator
Patients who received an influenza immunization OR who reported previous receipt of an influenza immunization
Numerator Exclusions
Not Applicable
Denominator Exceptions
Documentation of medical reason(s) for not receiving influenza immunization (eg, patient allergy, other medical reasons).

Documentation of patient reason(s) for not receiving influenza immunization (eg, patient declined, other patient reasons).

Documentation of system reason(s) for not receiving influenza immunization (eg, vaccine not available, other system reasons).
Supplemental Data Elements
For every patient evaluated by this measure also identify payer, race, ethnicity and sex

Table of Contents


Population Criteria

Definitions

Functions

Terminology

Data Criteria (QDM Data Elements)

Supplemental Data Elements

Risk Adjustment Variables


Measure Set
None