eMeasure Title

Discharged on Antithrombotic Therapy

eMeasure Identifier (Measure Authoring Tool) 104 eMeasure Version number 6.1.000
NQF Number Not Applicable GUID 42bf391f-38a3-4c0f-9ece-dcd47e9609d9
Measurement Period January 1, 20XX through December 31, 20XX
Measure Steward The Joint Commission
Measure Developer The Joint Commission
Endorsed By None
Description
Ischemic stroke patients prescribed or continuing to take antithrombotic therapy at hospital discharge
Copyright
Measure specifications are in the Public Domain

LOINC(R) is a registered trademark of the Regenstrief Institute.

This material contains SNOMED Clinical Terms (R) (SNOMED CT(C)) copyright 2004-2016 International Health Terminology Standards Development Organization. All rights reserved.
Disclaimer
These performance measures are not clinical guidelines and do not establish a standard of medical care, and have not been tested for all potential applications. The measures and specifications are provided without warranty.
Measure Scoring Proportion
Measure Type Process
Measure Item Count
Encounter, Performed: Non-Elective Inpatient Encounter
Stratification
None
Risk Adjustment
None
Rate Aggregation
None
Rationale
The effectiveness of antithrombotic agents in reducing stroke mortality, stroke-related morbidity and recurrence rates has been studied in several large clinical trials. While the use of these agents for patients with acute ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attacks continues to be the subject of study, substantial evidence is available from completed studies. Data at this time suggest that antithrombotic therapy should be prescribed at discharge following acute ischemic stroke to reduce stroke mortality and morbidity as long as no contraindications exist.

For patients with a stroke due to a cardioembolic source (eg atrial fibrillation, mechanical heart valve), warfarin is recommended unless contraindicated. In recent years, novel oral anticoagulant agents (NOACs) have been developed and approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for stroke prevention, and may be considered as an alternative to warfarin for select patients. Anticoagulation therapy is not generally recommended for secondary stroke prevention in patients presumed to have a non-cardioembolic stroke.
Anticoagulants at doses to prevent venous thromboembolism are insufficient antithrombotic therapy to prevent recurrent ischemic stroke or TIA.
Clinical Recommendation Statement
Clinical trial results suggest that antithrombotic therapy should be prescribed at discharge following acute ischemic stroke to reduce stroke mortality and morbidity as long as no contraindications exist
Improvement Notation
Improvement noted as an increase in rate
Reference
Adams HP, del Zoppo G, Alberts MJ, Bhatt DL, Brass L, Furlan A, Grubb RL, Higashida RT, Jauch EC, Kidwell C, Lyden PD, Morgenstern LB, Qureshi AI, Rosenwasser RH, Scott PA, Wijdicks E. Guidelines for the Early Management of Adults with Ischemic Stroke: A Guideline From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Stroke Council, Clinical CardiologyCouncil, Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention Council, and the Atherosclerotic Peripheral Vascular Disease and Quality of Care Outcomes in Research Interdisciplinary Working Groups. Stroke. 2007;38:1655-1711.
Reference
Adams H, Adams R, Del Zoppo G, Goldstein LB. Guidelines for the Early Management of Patients With Ischemic Stroke: Guidelines Update A Scientific Statement From the Stroke Council of the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke Vol. 36, 2005: 916:923.
Reference
Albers GW, Amarenco P, Easton JD, Sacco RL, Teal P. Antithrombotic and Thrombolytic Therapy for Ischemic Stroke. Chest Vol. 119, 2001: 300-320.
Reference
Brott TG, Clark WM, Grotta JC, et al. Stroke the first hours. Guidelines for acute treatment. Consensus Statement. National Stroke Association. 2000.
Reference
Chen ZM, Sandercock P, Pan HC, et al. Indications for early aspirin use in acute ischemic stroke: a combined analysis of 40,000 randomized patients from the Chinese acute stroke trial and the international stroke trial. On behalf of the CAST and IST collaborative groups, Stroke 2000;31:1240-1249.
Reference
Coull BM, Williams LS, Goldstein LB, et al. Anticoagulants and Antiplatelet Agents in Acute Ischemic Stroke. Report of the Joint Stroke Guideline Development Committee of the American Academy of Neurology and the American Stroke Association (a Division of the American Heart Association) Stroke. 2002;33:1934 - 1942.
Reference
Guideline on the Use of Aspirin as Secondary Prophylaxis for Vascular Disease in Primary Care, Centre for Health Services Research University of Newcastle upon Tyne, & Centre for Health Economics of York, 1998.
Reference
Kernan, W.N., B. Ovbiagele, H. R. Black, D. M. Bravata, M. I. Chimowitz, M. D. Ezekowitz, M. C. Fang, M. Fisher, K. L. Furie, D. V. Heck, S. C. Johnston, S. E. Kasner, S. J. Kittner, P. H. Mitchell, M. W. Rich, D. Richardson, L. H. Schwamm, J. A. Wilson. "Guidelines for the Prevention of Stroke in Patients with Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack: A Guideline for Healthcare Professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association." [in eng.]  Stroke 45, no. 7 (May 2014): 2160-223. 
Definition
None
Guidance
The "Non-elective Inpatient Encounter" value set intends to capture all non-scheduled hospitalizations. This value set is a subset of the "Inpatient encounter" value set, excluding concepts that specifically refer to elective hospital admissions. Non-elective admissions include emergency, urgent and unplanned admissions.

The "Medication, Discharge" datatype refers to the discharge medication list and is intended to express medications ordered for post-discharge use.
Transmission Format
TBD
Initial Population
Patients age 18 and older discharged from inpatient care (non-elective admissions) with a principal diagnosis of ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke and a length of stay less than or equal to 120 days that ends during the measurement period
Denominator
Patients with a principal diagnosis of Ischemic stroke
Denominator Exclusions
*Patients with comfort measures documented
*Patients admitted for elective carotid intervention. This exclusion is implicitly modeled by only including non-elective hospitalizations.
*Patients discharged to another hospital
*Patients who left against medical advice
*Patients who expired
*Patients discharged to home for hospice care
*Patients discharged to a health care facility for hospice care
Numerator
Patients prescribed or continuing to take antithrombotic therapy at hospital discharge
Numerator Exclusions
Not Applicable
Denominator Exceptions
Patients with a documented reason for not prescribing antithrombotic therapy at discharge
Supplemental Data Elements
For every patient evaluated by this measure also identify payer, race, ethnicity, and sex

Table of Contents


Population Criteria

Data Criteria (QDM Variables)

Data Criteria (QDM Data Elements)

Supplemental Data Elements

Risk Adjustment Variables


Measure Set
eMeasure Stroke (eSTK)