eCQM Title

Heart Failure (HF): Beta-Blocker Therapy for Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction (LVSD)

eCQM Identifier (Measure Authoring Tool)

144

eCQM Version Number

13.2.000

CBE Number

0083e

GUID

8439f671-2932-4d4c-88ca-ea5faeacc89a

Measurement Period

January 1, 20XX through December 31, 20XX

Measure Steward

American Heart Association

Measure Developer

American Medical Association (AMA)

Measure Developer

PCPI(R) Foundation (PCPI[R])

Measure Developer

American Heart Association

Endorsed By

CMS Consensus Based Entity

Description

Percentage of patients aged 18 years and older with a diagnosis of heart failure (HF) with a current or prior left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <= 40% who were prescribed or already taking beta-blocker therapy during the measurement period

Copyright 2024 American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association. All Rights Reserved.

Disclaimer

The Measure is not a clinical guideline, does not establish a standard of medical care, and has not been tested for all potential applications.

The Measure, while copyrighted, can be reproduced and distributed, without modification, for noncommercial purposes, e.g., use by health care providers in connection with their practices. Commercial use is defined as the sale, license, or distribution of the Measure for commercial gain, or incorporation of the Measure into a product or service that is sold, licensed or distributed for commercial gain.

Commercial uses of the Measure require a license agreement between the user and the American College of Cardiology (ACC) or the American Heart Association (AHA). Neither the ACC, nor AHA, nor their members shall be responsible for any use of the Measure.

ACC and AHA encourage use of the Measure by other health care professionals, where appropriate.

THE MEASURE AND SPECIFICATIONS ARE PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND.

Limited proprietary coding is contained in the Measure specifications for convenience. Users of the proprietary code sets should obtain all necessary licenses from the owners of these code sets. The ACC and AHA and their members disclaim all liability for use or accuracy of any Current Procedural Terminology (CPT[R]) or other coding contained in the specifications.

CPT(R) contained in the Measure specifications is copyright 2004-2023 American Medical Association. LOINC(R) is copyright 2004-2023 Regenstrief Institute, Inc. This material contains SNOMED Clinical Terms(R) (SNOMED CT[R]) copyright 2004-2023 International Health Terminology Standards Development Organisation. ICD-10 is copyright 2023 World Health Organization. All Rights Reserved.

The American Medical Association’s and the PCPI(R) Foundation’s significant past efforts and contributions to the performance measure are gratefully acknowledged.

Due to technical limitations, registered trademarks are indicated by (R) or [R].

Measure Scoring

Proportion

Measure Type

Process

Stratification

None

Risk Adjustment

None

Rate Aggregation

None

Rationale

Beta blockers improve survival and reduce hospitalization for patients with stable heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Treatment should be initiated as soon as a patient is diagnosed with reduced LVEF and does not have prohibitively low systemic blood pressure, fluid overload, or recent treatment with an intravenous positive inotropic agent. Beta blockers have also been shown to lessen the symptoms of heart failure, improve the clinical status of patients, and reduce future clinical deterioration. Despite these benefits, use of beta blockers in eligible patients remains suboptimal.

Clinical Recommendation Statement

In patients with HFrEF, with current or previous symptoms, use of 1 of the 3 beta blockers proven to reduce mortality (e.g., bisoprolol, carvedilol, sustained-release metoprolol succinate) is recommended to reduce mortality and hospitalizations (Class I, Level of Evidence A) (Heidenreich, 2022). 

Drugs Commonly Used for Stage C HFrEF (abbreviated to align with focus of measure to include only Beta-blocker therapy)
Drug                               Initial Daily Dose(s)       Target Dose(s)        Mean Doses Achieved in Clinical Trials
                                                                                                                                                
Beta Blockers
Bisoprolol                         1.25 mg once               10 mg once                  8.6 mg/d
Carvedilol                         3.125 mg twice            25-50 mg twice             37 mg/d
Carvedilol CR                   10 mg once                  80 mg once                   N/A
Metoprolol succinate         12.5 to 25 mg once      200 mg once                159 mg/d
extended release
(metoprolol CR/XL)

Improvement Notation

Higher score indicates better quality

Reference

Reference Type: CITATION

Reference Text: 'Heidenreich, P.A., Bozkurt, B, Aguilar, D., ... Allen, L. A. (2022). 2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation, 145(18), e895-e1032. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000001063'

Definition

LVEF <=40% corresponds to qualitative documentation of moderate dysfunction or severe dysfunction (LVSD). The LVSD may be determined by quantitative or qualitative assessment, which may be current or historical. Examples of a quantitative or qualitative assessment may include an echocardiogram:
1) that provides a numerical value of LVSD or 2) that uses descriptive terms such as moderately or severely depressed left ventricular systolic function. Any current or prior ejection fraction study documenting LVSD can be used to identify patients.

Guidance

This eCQM is to be reported as patient-based. To satisfy this measure, it must be reported for all heart failure patients at least once during the measurement period.

A range value should satisfy the logic requirement for 'Ejection Fraction' as long as the ranged observation value clearly meets the less than or equal to 40% threshold noted in the denominator logic. A range that is greater than 40% would not meet the measure requirement. 

In order for the Ejection Fraction result pathway to be recognized as below 40%, the result must be reported as a number with unit of %. A text string of "below 40%" or "ejection fraction between 35 and 40%" will not be recognized through electronic data capture. Although, this criteria can also be met using the Diagnosis pathway if specified as "Moderate or Severe."

Beta-blocker therapy:
-For patients with prior LVEF <= 40%, beta-blocker therapy should include bisoprolol, carvedilol, or sustained release metoprolol succinate.

The requirement of two or more visits is to establish that the eligible clinician has an existing relationship with the patient.

This version of the eCQM uses QDM version 5.6. Please refer to the eCQI resource center (https://ecqi.healthit.gov/qdm) for more information on the QDM.

Transmission Format

TBD

Initial Population

All patients aged 18 years and older with two qualifying encounters during the measurement period and a diagnosis of heart failure on or before at least one qualifying encounter

Denominator

Equals Initial Population with a current or prior LVEF <= 40%

Denominator Exclusions

Patients with a history of heart transplant or with a Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) prior to the end of the outpatient encounter with Moderate or Severe LVSD

Numerator

Patients who were prescribed or already taking beta-blocker therapy during the measurement period

Numerator Exclusions

Not Applicable

Denominator Exceptions

Documentation of medical reason(s) for not prescribing beta-blocker therapy (e.g., arrhythmia, asthma, bradycardia, hypotension, patients with atrioventricular block without cardiac pacer, observation of consecutive heart rates <50, allergy, intolerance, other medical reasons).

Documentation of patient reason(s) for not prescribing beta-blocker therapy (e.g., patient declined, other patient reasons).

Supplemental Data Elements

For every patient evaluated by this measure also identify payer, race, ethnicity and sex

Population Criteria
Definitions
Functions
Terminology
Data Criteria (QDM Data Elements)
Supplemental Data Elements
Risk Adjustment Variables

Population Criteria

Initial Population

HeartFailure."Is Adults With Two Qualifying Outpatient Encounters and One Heart Failure Outpatient Encounter During the Measurement Period"

Denominator

"Initial Population"
  and exists HeartFailure."Heart Failure Outpatient Encounter with History of Moderate or Severe LVSD"

Denominator Exclusions

HeartFailure."Has Heart Transplant"
  or HeartFailure."Has Heart Transplant Complications"
  or HeartFailure."Has Left Ventricular Assist Device"
  or HeartFailure."Has Left Ventricular Assist Device Complications"

Numerator

"Has Beta Blocker Therapy for LVSD Ordered"
  or "Is Currently Taking Beta Blocker Therapy for LVSD"

- Numerator Exclusions
  - None

Denominator Exceptions

"Has Consecutive Heart Rates Less than 50"
  or "Has Medical or Patient Reason for Not Ordering Beta Blocker for LVSD"
  or "Has Arrhythmia Diagnosis"
  or "Has Hypotension Diagnosis"
  or "Has Asthma Diagnosis"
  or "Has Diagnosis of Allergy or Intolerance to Beta Blocker Therapy"
  or "Has Bradycardia Diagnosis"
  or "Has Allergy or Intolerance to Beta Blocker Therapy Ingredient"
  or "Atrioventricular Block without Cardiac Pacer"

- Stratification
  - None

Definitions

Atrioventricular Block without Cardiac Pacer

"Has Atrioventricular Block Diagnosis"
  and not "Has Diagnosis of Cardiac Pacer in Situ"
  and not "Has Cardiac Pacer Device Implanted"

Denominator

"Initial Population"
  and exists HeartFailure."Heart Failure Outpatient Encounter with History of Moderate or Severe LVSD"

Denominator Exceptions

"Has Consecutive Heart Rates Less than 50"
  or "Has Medical or Patient Reason for Not Ordering Beta Blocker for LVSD"
  or "Has Arrhythmia Diagnosis"
  or "Has Hypotension Diagnosis"
  or "Has Asthma Diagnosis"
  or "Has Diagnosis of Allergy or Intolerance to Beta Blocker Therapy"
  or "Has Bradycardia Diagnosis"
  or "Has Allergy or Intolerance to Beta Blocker Therapy Ingredient"
  or "Atrioventricular Block without Cardiac Pacer"

Denominator Exclusions

HeartFailure."Has Heart Transplant"
  or HeartFailure."Has Heart Transplant Complications"
  or HeartFailure."Has Left Ventricular Assist Device"
  or HeartFailure."Has Left Ventricular Assist Device Complications"

Has Allergy or Intolerance to Beta Blocker Therapy Ingredient

exists ( ["Allergy/Intolerance": "Beta Blocker Therapy Ingredient"]
  union ["Allergy/Intolerance": "Substance with beta adrenergic receptor antagonist mechanism of action (substance)"] ) BetaBlockerAllergyIntolerance
  with HeartFailure."Heart Failure Outpatient Encounter with History of Moderate or Severe LVSD" ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter
    such that BetaBlockerAllergyIntolerance.prevalencePeriod overlaps after day of ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter.relevantPeriod

Has Arrhythmia Diagnosis

exists ["Diagnosis": "Arrhythmia"] Arrhythmia
  with HeartFailure."Heart Failure Outpatient Encounter with History of Moderate or Severe LVSD" ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter
    such that Arrhythmia.prevalencePeriod overlaps day of ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter.relevantPeriod

Has Asthma Diagnosis

exists ["Diagnosis": "Asthma"] Asthma
  with HeartFailure."Heart Failure Outpatient Encounter with History of Moderate or Severe LVSD" ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter
    such that Asthma.prevalencePeriod overlaps day of ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter.relevantPeriod

Has Atrioventricular Block Diagnosis

exists ["Diagnosis": "Atrioventricular Block"] AtrioventricularBlock
  with HeartFailure."Heart Failure Outpatient Encounter with History of Moderate or Severe LVSD" ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter
    such that AtrioventricularBlock.prevalencePeriod overlaps day of ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter.relevantPeriod

Has Beta Blocker Therapy for LVSD Ordered

exists ["Medication, Order": "Beta Blocker Therapy for LVSD"] BetaBlockerOrdered
  with HeartFailure."Heart Failure Outpatient Encounter with History of Moderate or Severe LVSD" ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter
    such that BetaBlockerOrdered.authorDatetime during day of ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter.relevantPeriod

Has Bradycardia Diagnosis

exists ["Diagnosis": "Bradycardia"] Bradycardia
  with HeartFailure."Heart Failure Outpatient Encounter with History of Moderate or Severe LVSD" ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter
    such that Bradycardia.prevalencePeriod overlaps day of ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter.relevantPeriod

Has Cardiac Pacer Device Implanted

exists ["Procedure, Performed": "Cardiac Pacer"] ImplantedCardiacPacer
  with HeartFailure."Heart Failure Outpatient Encounter with History of Moderate or Severe LVSD" ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter
    such that ( Global."NormalizeInterval" ( ImplantedCardiacPacer.relevantDatetime, ImplantedCardiacPacer.relevantPeriod ) ) starts before end of ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter.relevantPeriod

Has Consecutive Heart Rates Less than 50

exists from
  ["Physical Exam, Performed": "Heart Rate"] HeartRate,
  HeartFailure."Heart Failure Outpatient Encounter with History of Moderate or Severe LVSD" ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter
  let PriorHeartRate: Last(["Physical Exam, Performed": "Heart Rate"] MostRecentPriorHeartRate
      where(Global."NormalizeInterval"(MostRecentPriorHeartRate.relevantDatetime, MostRecentPriorHeartRate.relevantPeriod)) during ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter.relevantPeriod
        and(Global."NormalizeInterval"(MostRecentPriorHeartRate.relevantDatetime, MostRecentPriorHeartRate.relevantPeriod)) before Global."NormalizeInterval"(HeartRate.relevantDatetime, HeartRate.relevantPeriod)
      sort by start of Global."NormalizeInterval"(relevantDatetime, relevantPeriod)
  )
  where Global."NormalizeInterval" ( HeartRate.relevantDatetime, HeartRate.relevantPeriod ) during ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter.relevantPeriod
    and HeartRate.result < 50 '{beats}/min'
    and PriorHeartRate.result < 50 '{beats}/min'

Has Diagnosis of Allergy or Intolerance to Beta Blocker Therapy

exists ( ["Diagnosis": "Allergy to Beta Blocker Therapy"]
  union ["Diagnosis": "Intolerance to Beta Blocker Therapy"] ) BetaBlockerAllergyOrIntoleranceDiagnosis
  with HeartFailure."Heart Failure Outpatient Encounter with History of Moderate or Severe LVSD" ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter
    such that BetaBlockerAllergyOrIntoleranceDiagnosis.prevalencePeriod overlaps after day of ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter.relevantPeriod

Has Diagnosis of Cardiac Pacer in Situ

exists ["Diagnosis": "Cardiac Pacer in Situ"] CardiacPacerDiagnosis
  with HeartFailure."Heart Failure Outpatient Encounter with History of Moderate or Severe LVSD" ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter
    such that CardiacPacerDiagnosis.prevalencePeriod overlaps after day of ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter.relevantPeriod

Has Hypotension Diagnosis

exists ["Diagnosis": "Hypotension"] Hypotension
  with HeartFailure."Heart Failure Outpatient Encounter with History of Moderate or Severe LVSD" ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter
    such that Hypotension.prevalencePeriod overlaps day of ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter.relevantPeriod

Has Medical or Patient Reason for Not Ordering Beta Blocker for LVSD

exists ["Medication, Not Ordered": "Beta Blocker Therapy for LVSD"] NoBetaBlockerOrdered
  with HeartFailure."Heart Failure Outpatient Encounter with History of Moderate or Severe LVSD" ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter
    such that NoBetaBlockerOrdered.authorDatetime during day of ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter.relevantPeriod
  where ( NoBetaBlockerOrdered.negationRationale in "Medical Reason"
      or NoBetaBlockerOrdered.negationRationale in "Patient Reason"
  )

HeartFailure.Has Heart Transplant

exists ["Procedure, Performed": "Heart Transplant"] HeartTransplant
  with "Heart Failure Outpatient Encounter with History of Moderate or Severe LVSD" ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter
    such that ( Global."NormalizeInterval" ( HeartTransplant.relevantDatetime, HeartTransplant.relevantPeriod ) ) starts before 
    end of ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter.relevantPeriod

HeartFailure.Has Heart Transplant Complications

exists ["Diagnosis": "Heart Transplant Complications"] HeartTransplantComplications
  with "Heart Failure Outpatient Encounter with History of Moderate or Severe LVSD" ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter
    such that ( Global."NormalizeInterval" ( HeartTransplantComplications.authorDatetime, HeartTransplantComplications.prevalencePeriod ) ) starts before 
    end of ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter.relevantPeriod

HeartFailure.Has Left Ventricular Assist Device

exists ["Procedure, Performed": "Left Ventricular Assist Device Placement"] LVADOutpatient
  with "Heart Failure Outpatient Encounter with History of Moderate or Severe LVSD" ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter
    such that ( Global."NormalizeInterval" ( LVADOutpatient.relevantDatetime, LVADOutpatient.relevantPeriod ) ) starts before 
    end of ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter.relevantPeriod

HeartFailure.Has Left Ventricular Assist Device Complications

exists ["Diagnosis": "Left Ventricular Assist Device Complications"] LVADComplications
  with "Heart Failure Outpatient Encounter with History of Moderate or Severe LVSD" ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter
    such that ( Global."NormalizeInterval" ( LVADComplications.authorDatetime, LVADComplications.prevalencePeriod ) ) starts before 
    end of ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter.relevantPeriod

HeartFailure.Heart Failure Outpatient Encounter

( ["Encounter, Performed": "Care Services in Long Term Residential Facility"]
  union ["Encounter, Performed": "Home Healthcare Services"]
  union ["Encounter, Performed": "Nursing Facility Visit"]
  union ["Encounter, Performed": "Office Visit"]
  union ["Encounter, Performed": "Outpatient Consultation"] ) QualifyingEncounter
  with ["Diagnosis": "Heart Failure"] HeartFailure
    such that HeartFailure.prevalencePeriod overlaps QualifyingEncounter.relevantPeriod
  where QualifyingEncounter.relevantPeriod during day of "Measurement Period"

HeartFailure.Heart Failure Outpatient Encounter with History of Moderate or Severe LVSD

"Heart Failure Outpatient Encounter" HFOutpatientEncounter
  with "Moderate or Severe LVSD Findings" LVSDFindings
    such that Coalesce(LVSDFindings.prevalencePeriod, Global."NormalizeInterval"(LVSDFindings.relevantDatetime, LVSDFindings.relevantPeriod)) starts before end of HFOutpatientEncounter.relevantPeriod

HeartFailure.Is Adults With Two Qualifying Outpatient Encounters and One Heart Failure Outpatient Encounter During the Measurement Period

AgeInYearsAt(date from start of "Measurement Period") >= 18
  and exists ( "Qualifying Outpatient Encounter During Measurement Period" Encounter1
      with "Qualifying Outpatient Encounter During Measurement Period" Encounter2
        such that Encounter2.id !~ Encounter1.id
  )
  and exists "Heart Failure Outpatient Encounter"

HeartFailure.Moderate or Severe LVSD Findings

( ["Diagnostic Study, Performed": "Ejection Fraction"] EjectionFraction
    where EjectionFraction.result <= 40 '%'
)
  union ["Diagnosis": "Moderate or Severe LVSD"]
  union ( ["Diagnosis": "Left ventricular systolic dysfunction (disorder)"] LVSD
      where LVSD.severity in "Moderate or Severe"
  )

HeartFailure.Qualifying Outpatient Encounter During Measurement Period

( ["Encounter, Performed": "Office Visit"]
  union ["Encounter, Performed": "Outpatient Consultation"]
  union ["Encounter, Performed": "Nursing Facility Visit"]
  union ["Encounter, Performed": "Care Services in Long Term Residential Facility"]
  union ["Encounter, Performed": "Home Healthcare Services"]
  union ["Encounter, Performed": "Patient Provider Interaction"] ) ValidEncounter
  where ValidEncounter.relevantPeriod during day of "Measurement Period"

Initial Population

HeartFailure."Is Adults With Two Qualifying Outpatient Encounters and One Heart Failure Outpatient Encounter During the Measurement Period"

Is Currently Taking Beta Blocker Therapy for LVSD

exists ["Medication, Active": "Beta Blocker Therapy for LVSD"] ActiveBetaBlocker
  with HeartFailure."Heart Failure Outpatient Encounter with History of Moderate or Severe LVSD" ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter
    such that ActiveBetaBlocker.relevantPeriod overlaps after day of ModerateOrSevereLVSDHFOutpatientEncounter.relevantPeriod

Numerator

"Has Beta Blocker Therapy for LVSD Ordered"
  or "Is Currently Taking Beta Blocker Therapy for LVSD"

SDE Ethnicity

["Patient Characteristic Ethnicity": "Ethnicity"]

SDE Payer

["Patient Characteristic Payer": "Payer Type"]

SDE Race
- - ["Patient Characteristic Race": "Race"]

SDE Sex

["Patient Characteristic Sex": "ONC Administrative Sex"]

Functions

Global.NormalizeInterval(pointInTime DateTime, period Interval<DateTime>)

if pointInTime is not null then Interval[pointInTime, pointInTime]
  else if period is not null then period 
  else null as Interval<DateTime>

Terminology

code "Left ventricular systolic dysfunction (disorder)" ("SNOMEDCT Code (134401001)")
code "Substance with beta adrenergic receptor antagonist mechanism of action (substance)" ("SNOMEDCT Code (373254001)")
valueset "Allergy to Beta Blocker Therapy" (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1177)
valueset "Arrhythmia" (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.366)
valueset "Asthma" (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.362)
valueset "Atrioventricular Block" (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.367)
valueset "Beta Blocker Therapy for LVSD" (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1184)
valueset "Beta Blocker Therapy Ingredient" (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1493)
valueset "Bradycardia" (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.412)
valueset "Cardiac Pacer" (2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1178.53)
valueset "Cardiac Pacer in Situ" (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.368)
valueset "Care Services in Long Term Residential Facility" (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1014)
valueset "Ejection Fraction" (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1134)
valueset "Ethnicity" (2.16.840.1.114222.4.11.837)
valueset "Heart Failure" (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.376)
valueset "Heart Rate" (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1176)
valueset "Heart Transplant" (2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1178.33)
valueset "Heart Transplant Complications" (2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1178.56)
valueset "Home Healthcare Services" (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1016)
valueset "Hypotension" (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.370)
valueset "Intolerance to Beta Blocker Therapy" (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1178)
valueset "Left Ventricular Assist Device Complications" (2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1178.58)
valueset "Left Ventricular Assist Device Placement" (2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1178.61)
valueset "Medical Reason" (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1007)
valueset "Moderate or Severe" (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1092)
valueset "Moderate or Severe LVSD" (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1090)
valueset "Nursing Facility Visit" (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1012)
valueset "Office Visit" (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1001)
valueset "ONC Administrative Sex" (2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1)
valueset "Outpatient Consultation" (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1008)
valueset "Patient Provider Interaction" (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1012)
valueset "Patient Reason" (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1008)
valueset "Payer Type" (2.16.840.1.114222.4.11.3591)
valueset "Race" (2.16.840.1.114222.4.11.836)

Data Criteria (QDM Data Elements)

"Allergy/Intolerance: Beta Blocker Therapy Ingredient" using "Beta Blocker Therapy Ingredient (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1493)"
"Allergy/Intolerance: Substance with beta adrenergic receptor antagonist mechanism of action (substance)" using "Substance with beta adrenergic receptor antagonist mechanism of action (substance) (SNOMEDCT Code 373254001)"
"Diagnosis: Allergy to Beta Blocker Therapy" using "Allergy to Beta Blocker Therapy (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1177)"
"Diagnosis: Arrhythmia" using "Arrhythmia (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.366)"
"Diagnosis: Asthma" using "Asthma (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.362)"
"Diagnosis: Atrioventricular Block" using "Atrioventricular Block (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.367)"
"Diagnosis: Bradycardia" using "Bradycardia (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.412)"
"Diagnosis: Cardiac Pacer in Situ" using "Cardiac Pacer in Situ (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.368)"
"Diagnosis: Heart Failure" using "Heart Failure (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.376)"
"Diagnosis: Heart Transplant Complications" using "Heart Transplant Complications (2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1178.56)"
"Diagnosis: Hypotension" using "Hypotension (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.370)"
"Diagnosis: Intolerance to Beta Blocker Therapy" using "Intolerance to Beta Blocker Therapy (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1178)"
"Diagnosis: Left Ventricular Assist Device Complications" using "Left Ventricular Assist Device Complications (2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1178.58)"
"Diagnosis: Left ventricular systolic dysfunction (disorder)" using "Left ventricular systolic dysfunction (disorder) (SNOMEDCT Code 134401001)"
"Diagnosis: Moderate or Severe LVSD" using "Moderate or Severe LVSD (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1090)"
"Diagnostic Study, Performed: Ejection Fraction" using "Ejection Fraction (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1134)"
"Encounter, Performed: Care Services in Long Term Residential Facility" using "Care Services in Long Term Residential Facility (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1014)"
"Encounter, Performed: Home Healthcare Services" using "Home Healthcare Services (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1016)"
"Encounter, Performed: Nursing Facility Visit" using "Nursing Facility Visit (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1012)"
"Encounter, Performed: Office Visit" using "Office Visit (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1001)"
"Encounter, Performed: Outpatient Consultation" using "Outpatient Consultation (2.16.840.1.113883.3.464.1003.101.12.1008)"
"Encounter, Performed: Patient Provider Interaction" using "Patient Provider Interaction (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1012)"
"Medication, Active: Beta Blocker Therapy for LVSD" using "Beta Blocker Therapy for LVSD (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1184)"
"Medication, Not Ordered: Beta Blocker Therapy for LVSD" using "Beta Blocker Therapy for LVSD (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1184)"
"Medication, Order: Beta Blocker Therapy for LVSD" using "Beta Blocker Therapy for LVSD (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1184)"
"Patient Characteristic Ethnicity: Ethnicity" using "Ethnicity (2.16.840.1.114222.4.11.837)"
"Patient Characteristic Payer: Payer Type" using "Payer Type (2.16.840.1.114222.4.11.3591)"
"Patient Characteristic Race: Race" using "Race (2.16.840.1.114222.4.11.836)"
"Patient Characteristic Sex: ONC Administrative Sex" using "ONC Administrative Sex (2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1)"
"Physical Exam, Performed: Heart Rate" using "Heart Rate (2.16.840.1.113883.3.526.3.1176)"
"Procedure, Performed: Cardiac Pacer" using "Cardiac Pacer (2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1178.53)"
"Procedure, Performed: Heart Transplant" using "Heart Transplant (2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1178.33)"
"Procedure, Performed: Left Ventricular Assist Device Placement" using "Left Ventricular Assist Device Placement (2.16.840.1.113762.1.4.1178.61)"

Supplemental Data Elements

SDE Ethnicity

["Patient Characteristic Ethnicity": "Ethnicity"]

SDE Payer

["Patient Characteristic Payer": "Payer Type"]

SDE Race
- - ["Patient Characteristic Race": "Race"]

SDE Sex

["Patient Characteristic Sex": "ONC Administrative Sex"]

Risk Adjustment Variables

None

Measure Set

None