eCQM Title

Functional Status Assessment for Total Hip Replacement

eCQM Identifier (Measure Authoring Tool) 56 eCQM Version number 8.1.000
NQF Number Not Applicable GUID 2f291003-3f2f-48af-bef9-e5aacb95ac3e
Measurement Period January 1, 20XX through December 31, 20XX
Measure Steward Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)
Measure Developer National Committee for Quality Assurance
Endorsed By None
Description
Percentage of patients 18 years of age and older who received an elective primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) and completed a functional status assessment within 90 days prior to the surgery and in the 270-365 days after the surgery
Copyright
This Physician Performance Measure (Measure) and related data specifications are owned and stewarded by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). CMS contracted (Contract HHSP23320095627WC; HHSP23337008T) with the National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA) to develop this electronic measure. NCQA is not responsible for any use of the Measure. NCQA makes no representations, warranties, or endorsement about the quality of any organization or physician that uses or reports performance measures and NCQA has no liability to anyone who relies on such measures or specifications.
Limited proprietary coding is contained in the Measure specifications for user convenience. Users of proprietary code sets should obtain all necessary licenses from the owners of the code sets. NCQA disclaims all liability for use or accuracy of any third party codes contained in the specifications.
CPT(R) contained in the Measure specifications is copyright 2004-2018 American Medical Association. LOINC(R) copyright 2004-2018 Regenstrief Institute, Inc. This material contains SNOMED Clinical Terms(R) (SNOMED CT[R]) copyright 2004-2018 International Health Terminology Standards Development Organisation. ICD-10 copyright 2018 World Health Organization. All Rights Reserved.
Disclaimer
The performance Measure is not a clinical guideline and does not establish a standard of medical care, and has not been tested for all potential applications. THE MEASURE AND SPECIFICATIONS ARE PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND.

Due to technical limitations, registered trademarks are indicated by (R) or [R] and unregistered trademarks are indicated by (TM) or [TM].
Measure Scoring Proportion
Measure Type Process
Stratification
None
Risk Adjustment
None
Rate Aggregation
None
Rationale
Total hip arthroplasties (THAs) are common surgical procedures that address hip pain and functional impairment, primarily caused by osteoarthritis. Although THA is an effective procedure for addressing osteoarthritis for many patients, some people, particularly those with more severe preoperative pain and impairment, do not experience the improvements in pain, function, and quality of life expected from the procedure (Beswick et al., 2012; Fortin et al., 1999; Tilbury et al., 2016). In 2010, providers performed 326,100 THAs, with 95 percent of them in patients age 45 and older (Wolford, Palso, & Bercovitz, 2015). Although THAs were introduced as a procedure for the elderly, the percentage of patients age 55 to 64 (29 percent) who had a THA in 2010 exceeded the percentage of patients age 75 and older (26 percent) who had a THA (Wolford, Palso, & Bercovitz, 2015). Kurtz et al. (2009) projected that patients younger than 65 would account for 52 percent of THAs by 2030. This growth in hip surgeries for patients younger than 65 is significant because these patients often require more expensive joint arthroplasties that will better withstand the wear caused by physical activity (Bozic et al., 2006).
This measure evaluates whether patients complete a patient-reported functional status assessment (FSA) before and after a THA. Measuring functional status for patients undergoing THA permits longitudinal assessment - from the patient's perspective - of the impact of surgical intervention on pain, physical function, as well as health-related quality of life (Rothrock, 2010).
Clinical Recommendation Statement
The American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons (AAHKS) states that it is important to ensure that the general/mental health survey be completed prior to surgery during the preoperative visit, as well as the post-operative visit. AAHKS recommends using a general health instrument, such as the Veterans RAND 12-item health survey (VR-12) or PROMIS Global  10 in addition to condition-specific tools (AAHKS, 2015).
Improvement Notation
A higher score indicates better quality
Reference
The American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons. (2015). Patient-reported outcomes summit for total joint arthroplasty report. Retrieved from http://www.aahks.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/comment-letter-pro-summit-09082015.pdf 
Reference
Beswick, A. D., Wylde, V., Gooberman-Hill, R., et al. (2012). What proportion of patients report long-term pain after total  hip or knee replacement for osteoarthritis? A systematic review of prospective studies in unselected patients. British Medical Journal Open, 2(1), 1-12.
Reference
Bozic, K. J., Morsehed, S., Silverstein, M. D., et al. (2006). Use of cost-effectiveness analysis to evaluate new technologies in orthopaedics: The case of alternative bearing surfaces in total hip arthroplasty. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, American Volume, 88(4), 706-714.
Reference
Fortin, P. R., Clarke, A. E., Joseph, L., et al. (1999). Outcomes of total hip and knee replacement preoperative functional status predicts outcomes at six months after surgery. American College of Rheumatology, 42(8), 1722-1728.
Reference
Kurtz, S. M., Lau, E., Ong, K., et al. (2009). Future young patient demand for primary and revision joint arthroplasty: National projections from 2010 to 2030. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 467(10), 2606-2612. 
Reference
Rothrock, N. E., Hays, R. D., Spritzer, K., et al. (2010). Relative to the general U.S. population, chronic diseases are associated with poorer health-related quality of life as measured by the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS). Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 63(11), 1195-1204.
Reference
Tilbury, C., Haanstra, T. M., Leichtenberg, C. S., et al. (2016). Unfulfilled expectations after total hip and knee arthroplasty surgery: There is a need for better preoperative patient information and education. Journal of Arthroplasty, 31(10), 2136-2145.
Reference
Wolford, M. L., Palso, K., & Bercovitz, A. (2015, February). Hospitalization for total hip replacement among inpatients aged 45 and over: United States, 2000-2010. NCHS Data Brief No. 186. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics.
Definition
None
Guidance
A functional status assessment (FSA) is based on administration of a validated  instrument to eligible patients that asks patients to answer questions related to various domains including: pain, physical function, emotional well-being, health-related quality of life, symptom acuity.

The same FSA instrument must be used for the initial and follow-up assessment.
Transmission Format
TBD
Initial Population
Patients 19 years of age and older who had a primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) in the year prior to the measurement period and who had an outpatient encounter during the measurement period
Denominator
Equals Initial Population
Denominator Exclusions
Patients with two or more fractures indicating trauma at the time of the total hip arthroplasty or patients with severe cognitive impairment that overlaps the measurement period.
Numerator
Patients with patient-reported functional status assessment  results (i.e., VR-12, PROMIS-10-Global Health, Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score [HOOS], HOOS Jr.) in the 90 days prior to or on the day of the primary THA procedure, and in the 270 - 365 days after the THA procedure
Numerator Exclusions
Not Applicable
Denominator Exceptions
None
Supplemental Data Elements
For every patient evaluated by this measure also identify payer, race, ethnicity, and sex

Table of Contents


Population Criteria

Definitions

Functions

Terminology

Data Criteria (QDM Data Elements)

Supplemental Data Elements

Risk Adjustment Variables


Measure Set
Not Applicable